מוצאי שבת שובה תשפ״ה

00:05 Speaker 1 So, a gutov och, and welcome to the first Shiur for Zov Shin Peh Hei. Um, since now we're going to the fifth year, four and a half years, but the fifth year of the Shiurim, Baruch Hashem. And, uh, thank you for the core group who keep this going, Bezrat Hashem. And then there's people who are listening, uh, to the recordings. But we need to have the nucleus who, you know, Tzidkuh vesidran. Okay. So, in Minchas Yisroel, we have a, uh, a Shabbos Shuvah Derasha. And so I'm gonna share with you the nekudos which were discussed today at-- just this afternoon, at Shabbos Shuvah Derasha on Shabbos afternoon in our Kehillah. It's the same minyanim. So first of all, about, uh, about if a person has to drink on Yom Kippur. So the principle here is that, well, we know we're not allowed to drink on Yom Kippur, not allowed to eat on Yom Kippur. But then there is a minimum shiur, a minimum amount. If a person has that amount, they have violated Yom Kippur, Chayav Kareis, and we're going to try to avoid that amount. And so if a person does have to have fluids, intake of fluids, so they'll try to have less than that, that amount, less than the punishable amount, and have it in intervals. In this way, that they haven't had a, a punishable amount in, in one session. So we have with food, we have a regime, and then we have with drinks. So on the bottom of your

01:50 Speaker 1 screen, you have a quote from the Mishnah, which says, "A person ha'shoseh meloi lugma," one who drinks. Now, the word lugma is not a common word in Hebrew, but it's translated as cheek. So one who has a fulled-- full cheeks, meloi lugma, with full cheeks, then he's punishable. Says the Gemara, "Omer Rav Yehuda, Omer Shmuel: Lo meloi lugmo mamash." No, we don't mean that the limit for the, uh, the quantity is the full cheeks. "Elo kol she'ilu yesalkenu letzad echad." If you'd be able to push the liquid to one side, "Ve ye'ra kemeloi lugmo." And somehow it looks like you've got full, full cheeks. Then there's a discussion further, but that, that remains the Halakha, that we're not talking about meloi lugma, but kemeloi lugma. And reading the Gemara carefully, we will see that meloi lugma is a bit more than a revi'it, and kemeloi lugma is obviously less than that. How much less is not so clear. And these, these words, and you can look at the top of the screen, are also, uh, and these words are not so, so clear to me. What does it mean? "Yesalkenu letzad echad," you should push the contents of your mouth to one side, "Ve ye'ra kemeloi lugma," and it look like you've got full cheeks. How does that work? If you push it to one side, how do you have full cheeks? So it's not clear. And, uh, at least for Anashim Kereichenu. And, uh, Rav Chaim Khenen writes about this in his volume called

03:49 Speaker 1 Shiurei Torah. And he says, to understand this, how much you could give for a cheileh. "Udvar koshe be dereinu she nisma'tu halvavos." He struggles. Really, it's Poshut Pshat. But also, the Poshut Pshat is, is a bit of an enigma. What does it mean exactly? Um, I did-- I, I measured with myself. I, I have a cup with a shiur of a, of a revi'it and, uh, with lines. I tried to get as much wa-water in my mouth as I could, emptied it, and it was a little bit more than a revi'it. So this is what Rav Chaim Khenen is saying: "Efshar limdoit hashiur heyedeshi yemal l'fi acheileh mayim kamar she'efshar." You're gonna try to fill as much water as you can. That's gonna be, "Meloi lugmo b'beis ha'stod, mamash b'beis ha'stodim." Stuff as much water as you can in your mouth. Try it, it's not so easy. "V'chakach yufleit hamayim l'tech kai." Then spit it out into a, a, a cup. So that's, that's well known, yeah. But now he says, well, that's, that's meloi lugmo. And then, "V'chatzim mishiur hamayim ha'elu," half of that amount, "Hu pochos m-meloi lugmo d'yam ha'kippurim." So he's telling us as much water as you can fit in your mouth, and half of that should be a shiur of meloi lu-- of kemeloi lugma. Which is, uh, very different to what I had understood hitherto. And he's saying really to go down. So if, let's say, meloi lugma, the way I measured for myself, and this goes according to

05:32 Speaker 1 the person's capacity, um, call me a big mouth if you want. So all right. So I ha-managed to get about ninety mil, ninety-five mil, and what he's saying is half that. Half that. So let's say for myself, it would be, um, forty-five or for-forty-seven mil, bit more. Um, he talks about a shiur of forty, forty something. So it's-- So we're talking about- Uh, a little bit more than, uh, uh, half a revi'is. That would be safe. And I've seen, after I saw Rabbi Chaim Noah say that, many other melachim also say something similar, that one should measure with, uh, a little bit more than half a revi'is. If necessary, one can go more because the Posht of Shaban, the Gemara Lecha, is more than that. Okay. Let's move on. So that's the, that's the, uh, Himeloi Lugmob. Very fascinating that you've got here a, a Gemara and a, a Halacha, and the practical application of this. It remains, uh, an enigma. Um, Tur HaChaim Noah comes along. He says he doesn't understand it. But okay, let's move on. Let's move on to our next question. Okay. So this season, this Yom-- this Tishri, we've got three times Erev Tafshilin. One has passed already, and we have two ahead. So there's still value in discussing this, uh, for the next two Yomim Tovim, first days and the last days of Succot. So there's a concept called Erev Tafshilin, which allows you to cook on Friday of Yom Tov, second day of Yom Tov in this case,

07:22 Speaker 1 for eating on Shabbos. Erev Tafshilin doesn't allow other activities. For example, we have-- they may have discussed this about carrying stuff which is not food. To carry, uh, a safer on Friday to use on Shabbos is not so poshut. Okay. But meanwhile, I'm dealing with a case where there's no Erev at all. Now, in a built-up community, so the sh-- well, if you forgot to make an Erev, the likelihood is it's going to be the Gadol Hayer who made an Erev. So you can rely on them. But what happens if you are... What happens if you are in a small shtetl and you are the Shliach and no one else knows, but you are the Ga-gadol Hayer? I heard once that Rabbi, Rabbi, Rabbi Hadakoff said that the Baal HaShliach, and he's, he's the chief rabbi of, of that community. But he shouldn't tell everyone. Uh, he should feel responsibility like the chief rabbi. So you're Shliach in a small shtetl. He's the Gadol Hayer. And if he forgot to make the other Erev Tafshilin, there's no one else to rely on. So what can you do? So I'm dealing with... I'm not worried about the Challahs because they baked the Challahs before. I'm not so worried about the food either. There are various other solutions which I, um... In the first volume of Nesivim B'stei HaShlichas, there's a ch- one chapter dealing with this scenario because I think it's peculiar for Shlichim that this could be a, a problem. So there, there's more discussion

09:14 Speaker 1 there. I want to just limit ourselves to the questions which are raised now because we're limited in time. And that is why also, Rabbi Grossman, I'm not gonna deal with the Shir for food for Yom Kippur because that's gonna ta-take time, and it's not, not on our agenda for tonight. Um, it can be discussed over the telephone if necessary. Let's come back. So now someone did not make an Erev Tafshilin. Are they allowed to light candles on Friday for Shabbos? Do you need an Erev Tafshilin to allow you to light candles? And so we've got here questions two and three are slightly related. Is the, is, is in-- Do you need to have an Erev Tafshilin to allow you to light candles? Now, you can take a look here on this screen. We've got Sifu Test. This is the Shulchan Aruch, the Miryes of Karo. He says, "You don't need an Erev Tafshilin to light candles." And they'll say, "You, you, you do need to have an Erev Tafshilin." So he brings two opinions, yeah, whether you, whether it's necessary or not. So now comes along, um, in the next Sif. We're going to read the next Sif. It says here, "Mishe lo yera," just like you're not allowed to, um, cook, um, um, others can't cook for you either. Then he has, if mamish, you have no Erev, then yes, "Oymim shemutah leefois betzimtzum." Your mamish is desperate. You didn't make an Erev. It's now your Friday, and you have no food for Shabbos.

11:16 Speaker 1 So you're allowed to bake one loaf of bread, cook one pot of food. Now, I've got here, I don't understand what's going on here. You see, if you test, you told me that you don't need an Erev for Ner Shabbos. Comes the Sif Hof, he says, "Yeshaim rim you're allowed to light Ner Echad." So it looks very clear that in this, in Sif Hof, he's following the stricter opinion that you do need to have an Erev to light candles. And if you don't have an Erev, then we'll allow you to have one, just one bare minimum, one candle. Um, just bear with me a moment. I'm just gonna try to re-erase that scribble, which is on the screen. Um, someone tell me how to do it, but it's, it's just gonna bother me the whole time. Um, somewhere. There's some kind of function somewhere. Tools. Or if someone has put it on there, perhaps can erase it. No. Okay, we'll just have to bear with it. All right. Okay. If the person who put that on could-- can erase it, I'll be grateful. Okay. Could be a kid who are playing around with a-- with a-- with a computer. Let's come back. So we have here the Mechaber starts off that if you didn't make an Erev, you could still... Then he says that he's Mahmir. Okay. The Alter Rebbe does not mention the lenient opinion. And for the Alter Rebbe's Mashma BePashtus that if you didn't have an Erev Tav Shilin, you wouldn't be

13:11 Speaker 1 allowed to light candles. Here comes the question then. You have... It says you're allowed to light Ner Echad. What about if you have electric lights? So again, you're-- you're Shliach in an isolated community. No Erev Tav Shilin. Are you allowed to light one candle for Shabbos? Or is, is there a special exemption to be allowed to light a Ner, Ner for Shabbos? So I saw in Piskei Teshuves he brings... So those who say, "Oh, Ner, Ner Shabbos is so important, such Agmas Nefesh if you don't light Ner Shabbos, and therefore you should be allowed to light Ner Shabbos." I beg to differ, and I'm not the only one. You can see here in the notes, he brings from Igros Moshe that now that you've got electric lights, so you're not gonna sit in the dark, then there's no heter to light candles for Shabbos because you're not desperate. Of course, it's a mitzvah to light Shabbos candles, but you're not desperate, therefore you don't have a heter to light candles at all. He quotes a couple of sources. So again, if a person doesn't have an Erev Tav Shilin, we're going to take the stricter opinion first of all, that without an Erev Tav Shilin, there's no lighting candles, and even if it's Ner Shabbos. Now, if you're gonna come back and ask me what happens now in the future, do I have to light an extra candle? We'll have to deal with that, but there doesn't seem to be a heter to light candles

14:46 Speaker 1 for Shabbos. Now, I just-- just to prove that to you. To prove that, the access- well, the point which I'm saying is, although it's so important to light Ner Shabbos, but that doesn't allow you to light Ner Shabbos if you don't have an Erev Tav Shilin. Now, it says also in this Halacha, if you don't have an Erev Tav Shilin, Pas Echad. You know there's a Jewish custom to have two loaves of bread for each of the meals. It's called Lechem Mishne. It's Halacha in Gemara. Yeah. Now, if you didn't have an Erev Tav Shilin, you're gonna have Pas Echad. That means no Lechem Mishne, not for the first night, not Friday night, not for Shabbos day, and not for Shalosh Seudos. Yeah. So you're gonna have to skip on that. You don't have Erev Tav Shilin. We're gonna allow you to have a bare minimum, Pas Echad. So the same thing. You got-- You won't, you won't be able to have Ner, um, Ner Shabbos. You'll have the-- you have the light. You're not gonna sit in dark. So then no, then that wouldn't be a heter. Okay. So now I'm gonna go now to deal with q-question number three. One, one time my, my wife and I went to, uh, uh, to Israel for Shavuos, and Shavuos was Friday and Shabbos. And so that we were-- we had a, uh- Call from Berlin. We were staying in a house, just my wife and myself. Um, the, the, uh, the o-owner of the house

16:27 Speaker 1 wasn't there. And we ate every meal, we ate, we ate by the Mishpacha. We weren't gonna eat at that house at all. So here's the question: Do we have to make a, an Erev Tav Shilin? What, what we do-- What, what we-- Where was my wife going to light candles? In the house where we were sleeping. Why? Because here's a-- here's-- I'm just addressing a very common question. If you're eating in one place and sleeping in another place, where do you light candles? Very, very common question. So my t-take on that is, if you are s-- you're, um, sleeping over in a house where the missus is lighting candles in any case, then you're just an extra. As an extra, you should be lighting where you're eating. But if you are boarding, sleeping over in a place where there's no one else lighting, then you have the chir of, "V'leshon Beis Av" You have a chir to light there. So we, my wife lit at the, uh, place where we were sleeping. Whereas the meals, we were eating out. So here it comes back to the question. If I'm-- The only thing I'm going to do for, for, for, for on, on Friday, for Shabbos is lighting candles. Do you make an Erev Ta- Do y- Do you need to make an Erev Tav Shilin? Well, really, you've just seen that the Mechaber brings two opinions. So whilst the Alter Rebbe just ignores the lenient opinion, but we know that there is an opinion that

17:57 Speaker 1 you don't need to have an Erev Tav Shilin for lighting, uh, candles for Shabbos. And therefore, the, the psak I got at the time was you light-- you make an Erev Tav Shilin without a bracha. If you're gonna put up hot water for Shabbos, then that's a different story. Then you have to make a, a, a Erev Tav Shilin for putting up the water. But just for lighting candles, you don't need to Now, you, you should make a left side of my screen. Yeah. So thank you. I'm not gonna deal with it. No, it's too hard. Um... What?

18:47 Speaker 2 No.

18:47 Speaker 1 No, no, no. It's just that I've got this green line on the thing and I can't take it off. Okay. So now a very practical question. You've got in Crown Heights, you've got four girls sharing a basement. So what do they do for So now, coming back to the previous question, um, do you need to have an eruv tavshilin in order to light candles? Well, if you're gonna be lighting bemokom ha'achilah, that's not a problem. Again, she's gonna be eating out the second night of Yom Tov or the night of Shabbos. If she's lighting candles there, there's no question that is, that, that she has to make an eruv tavshilin because she's part of that household. She doesn't need an eruv tavshilin for that. Where would... she would need an eruv tavshilin is if she's going to light in her own apartment and eat out, yeah, eat out, then to pu-put up an eruv tavshilin without a light bracha. Um, I think g-going around, like I said, it's like a lot of discussion here, but it's, it's so relevant, um, the maase. So, yeah. Let's move on. Are you... So on, on the eve of Yom Tov, someone sent me a question. Are they, um, allowed to mash eggs, um, on Yom Tov using a masher or something? So let's take a look. Let, let, let's, let's lay, lay the rules here. On Yom Tov, you are allowed to do melacha to prepare food. The kind of thing which could have been done without any

24:13 Speaker 1 depreciation in, in, in quality should not be done on Yom Tov. So for example, making pasta, you wouldn't be allowed to do on Yom Tov because it's actually no better if it's made fresh. Actually, it's better when it's a bit old. Okay. Grating. Now, the Alter Rebbe says, takes the view that you're not allowed to grate morrory. We make chrain and it... we keep it in jars for a week, for a few weeks. The Alter Rebbe paskens you're not allowed to grate morrory on Yom Tov. Uh, others are lenient on that. Another discussion. Something like carrots. Are you allowed to grate carrots on a hand grater on Yom Tov? So carrots, if you'd grate them a day before, they may lose some of their crispness. You are allowed to grate them, but you'd have to do with a shinui, so with an, an unusual way. So instead of grating the carrots into a bowl, you grate them onto the counter, and then you put them into a bowl. That's the, uh, the ruling over there. So here we have on the screen from Hilchas, uh, Yom Tov, Taf kov dalet, about grating cheese. This is hard cheese. Would you be allowed to grate cheese? So he says you are allowed to grate cheese with a grater because it's normal to do it only in small amounts for immediate use. However, m'kol mo'kome tzorich l'shana k'sas b'derech achail. You have to do it different to the way you do it in the week because you could

25:47 Speaker 1 have done it before Yom Tov, and it wouldn't have lost its flavor. And even if it would lose its flavor, you should also do a bit of a change. Okay. So to ch-- to grate cheese, he's saying you'd have to do it with a shinui. Um, so to use a, a masher, which is a, a designated tool for this, that would not be okay. Now, I know there's a difference. I'm sure you know there's a difference between things which grow on the ground and which don't. So, for example, for Shabbos, there's a difference between mashing a banana and mashing, uh, an egg. Because the mashing a bana-bananas grow from the ground, so it's stricter. Mashing an egg is easier. Um, however, to use a designated tool, especially for, for, for, uh, grating the, the eggs, for, for mashing the eggs, that shouldn't be done because you need to have a shinui b'derech achail. And, uh, yeah, okay. Um, just one interesting comment. If you have the Shulchan Aruch open, you'd see that the next seif talks about that you are allowed to crumble bread with a grater because ein tochin ach ar tochin. There's no grinding after grinding once it's been ground. So there's a little bit of a str-- uh, discussion, why is there a problem of grinding with cheese? Because cheese is a composite, and bread is a composite. Why should there be... Uh, why, why... You know. So very interesting e-e-explanation. When we say ain tochin ach ar tochin, there's no grinding

27:26 Speaker 1 after grinding, it's because like this. The bread is from wheat, which was ground, and the gri- the grinding of the wheat in the... even in the bread, there's still... it's still, uh, uh, the, the benefit of the grinding is still there. So it's as if it's still, to some degree, it's particles, uh, if that makes sense. What would happen if the, the grinding had been completely, um, complete, completely, um, there nothing, no, no, there's nothing left of it. It's completely back to a solid. So then grinding would apply. Uh, that's why they, it applies by cheese. Although before it was, let's say it was particles, but because now it's become mamash a mass, so then the gri-grinding would apply. So let's say, for example, I'm just... as I'm talking, um, let's say you had chocolate. Um, so then, then you'd, uh, would you be allowed to grate chocolate? According to this, you wouldn't be allowed to. Even let's say the chocolate had been made of... perhaps it was made of particles or powder, but because it's become mamash a composite, a solid mam-- which you don't see any, uh, small crumbs within it, then according to this, there would be a, an issue of, of, uh, of grating, which is an interesting question. People do, do grate chocolate, um, for decorating stuff, et cetera. Okay. Right. Um, let's see. Yeah. So about mashing an avocado on Shabbos and Yom Tov. So someone's asking. In the Shmiras Shabbos KeHilchoso, he says that mashing, uh, an avocado

29:09 Speaker 1 should be done with a spoon, not with a fork, because he sees mashing as a form of grinding. Uh, others disagree with him. Uh, so he, he's, he's basically on the Chazon Ish, who says that mashing is a form of grinding. And others say no, that mashing is not grinding, because grinding means it's made into particles, whereas mashing, it remains a mush. So there's, there's room to be makeel on, uh, as far as dafka with, with mashing. With the eggs, though, um, because it does come into separate particles, then there's more of an issue of grinding, although it is not gedole karka. So b'kitzur, let's remain with that. Mashing the, um, the eggs could be done with a fork, and that can be done even on Shabbos, to mash it with a fork. But to use a, a, uh, desi-dedicated tool for it shouldn't be done on Yom Tov. And, you know, the, the, uh... So you're suggesting mashing it with a shinui. If you could, yeah. So, uh, yeah, you could possibly find a, an unusual way of doing it. But I've got a suggestion for you. Life will be easier if you do it on Erev Yom Tov with your food processor and then keep it in a container, uh, instead of having to do it on Yom Tov. Um, I, I, I just want to throw in something, though. We had discussed this in the afternoon, um, that to make egg salad on Shabbos, to take ma-mashed egg, which is now particles,

30:46 Speaker 1 and then to mix it with mayonnaise and to make it into a mass, that's something which shouldn't be done on Shabbos. Because on Shabbos, we're not allowed to make a, a, a, a dough, which means taking powder called flour and mixing it with liquid and making it into a dough. That's called losh or lisho. So the same thing, taking- Loose particles of egg. I'm putting in mayonnaise, which is gonna bind them into a mass. That's something which shouldn't be done on Shabbos. Let's move on. Right. So someone's asking me a question. What's the, the... Why should a glass because the sukkah is meant to provide shade. The glass doesn't provide shade. So why should a glass roof over a sukkah disqualify the sukkah? That's the question. He wasn't asking. Lamaze is asking to understand, which is actually a in-interesting question. And here we have on the screen from Siman tof reish kavov. That's the second siman in Hilchot Sukka, where it says that the sukkah has to be to provide shade. And if it's the sukkah is actually for dwelling, where you could live there, mikvas, in a proper, uh, uh, it's, it's permanent way, so then that would not be okay. If it's, let's say, a place for storage, um, a warehouse, et cetera, so that would not be okay for a sukkah because the sukkah has to be... You can see here, if it's made to protect from rain, if it's not just to protect from, from, um, from light, from sunlight, then

32:31 Speaker 1 that would be called a bias. So really, it's the, the answer to the question is not so clear here. But the thing is that the sukkah under the roof, under the glass roof, the glass roof is a protection from, from rain, so therefore the glass roof makes it a bias, and therefore the sukkah built in under a glass roof would basically be, uh, a, a, a bias or a sukkah in a bias, which therefore it's possible. So it's not because it's of the, the sail, not because of the, uh, shade, not be-because the shade is provided by the sukkah, but the-- because it's a bias, and that's why it wouldn't be okay. Um, I, I think we discussed this in the past about whether if you have-- if you put on extra schach to protect you not only from rain, but also to protect you from cold, would that, would that be a problem? Would that be a, a, uh, how you say, a compromise on the sukkah? I'm, I'm not gonna discuss it now. It's just something which is on my mind. Right. Here you have from the Sefer HaSukkah HaShalem, where he's talking about this very question, that the Sefer Mikre Kodesh from Rav Frank asks that if you have a glass, um, roof over the sukkah. So he says, but it's, it's protecting from the rain and, um, that's, that, that's what's not okay. Okay. Let's come back to a question for Hakabbalas Shabbos. So when Yom Tov, the last day of

34:12 Speaker 1 Yom Tov is Simchas Torah, and then that goes into Friday night. So do you say in Lach Odoei, do you say, "Be Simcha Ovat Zahal" or "Be Rin Ovat Zahal"? That was the question which he asked. So first of all, I have here, this is from the forthcoming Siddur BeEzras Hashem. So a print of the Ari- of a Siddur Ari z"l, tof tzadik hei. That's, uh, ten years before the Alter Rebbe is born. "Be Yom Tov SheBe'Erev Shabbos Yesh Lomer Be Simcha B'Mikom Be Rina." So Yom Tov, which is Erev Shabbos, yeah. That's, that's what it means. Yom Tov is on a, on a, on a Friday. So one would also would say, "Be Simcha." And further discussion about this, that the Minchah and then the Rebbe in seven seventy, that indeed also they would say, "Be Simcha." And just want to add a very simple, uh, point, that when you've got Yom Tov, until you made Havdalah, it's still Yom Tov. You're not allowed to do Melacha. So when you're going from Yom Tov into Shabbos, so long as you haven't said Boruch Hamavdil... No, you don't know Hamavdil in any case, yeah. You're going into Shabbos. So as-- And until you've... So it's still Yom Tov. So therefore, you still say Be Simcha. Yeah. It's still Yom Tov, uh, until you daven and say, "BiYom HaShabbos," but until then, it's still Yom Tov. So you say, um, you say, "Be Simcha," or until you say Borchu, which declares it at night. But until,

35:54 Speaker 1 until you've made a dec-declaration that the preceding day is finished, so the preceding day continues. Let's finish off with this, uh, latest... Someone's talking about mashing avocados won't keep... I-I-I'm not gonna start suggesting to put in lemon juice, et cetera. That you'll have to have on this different WhatsApp group for how to make avocados keep from one day to the next. Um, you know, you know, as a professional, you have to know whi-which things you don't know to talk-- what to talk about. Okay. Um, so someone came up with a, a idea that people are very concerned about the gas being for three days Yom Tov. So that's seventy-two hours. People are concerned of, uh, safety or not so much safety, about the cost, about the discomfort. Is there a way to stop the gas burning all this time? And you've got your outside candles. You'll-- When you need it, you'll light it again. So there is a concept of gram kibui, which means indirect causation of the fire-- of a flame going out. And there are those who allow gram kibui. And so someone came up with a brilliant idea, and this went viral Um, modern gas cookers have a s- are built in with a sensor. And the sensor, if there's gas without a flame, so then the sensor cuts out the gas supply. So near the, near the burner, there's some kind of prod of some sort sticking out, and that's a sensor. So if you take, let's say, a spatul- a

37:42 Speaker 1 metal spatula, and you d- put it as a wall between the sensor and the burner, so the next few seconds, the sensor will realize or will think there's no flame. So the sensor will say, "There's no flame. Cut off the gas." So they cut off the gas through a gram. So this is the, uh, the latest, uh, you know, good idea or not. It's, it's g-gone on many, uh, WhatsApps. Is it okay or not? So gram kibui. So let's address this. We have here in the Alter Rebbe Shulchan Aruch, Siman Taf Kaf Yod Dalet. And you can see a quote here on the screen. The Alter Rebbe passes gram kibui is not allowed. And here he talks about placing a candle in a windy... in a place-- To take a candle in a place where it's likely to be g- blown out by the wind. So that wouldn't be okay. He says you're not allowed to place a candle where it's likely to go out. He says you shouldn't open a window near a candle, uh, where it's likely to be blown out because of gram kibui. I, there is a concept of gram kibui. So th-there is, for example, if there's a fire spreading, so then there is a, even on Shabbos, there is a idea of placing barrels of water, and then the fire will reach the barrels and will burn the barrels, and the barrels will then split, and the water will gush out. And so then the fire will go out.

39:20 Speaker 1 There, there is so sort of... There is such a concept. So the, the answer is that gram kibui is allowed when there's a loss involved. But when there's no loss involved, so gram kibui, according to the Alter Rebbe, says is, is not allowed. Mishneh Berurah does allow gram kibui even if there's no loss involved. And therefore, this discussion of this trick of putting this blade and sensors, all that, that gram kibui is, um, according to the Mishneh Berurah, has, has merit. According to the Alter Rebbe, you see he says gram kibui is asur. Um, a couple m-more points about that. The... There is a... There's a general... Are you allowed to turn down the gas on Yom Tov? Now, when I turn down the gas, have I put out the fire, or have I have deprived the flame of its fuel supply? L'choire is the latter. So if I've got a, a, a lamp, and it's got a flame, it's got a weak kind of flame. It's an oil lamp, and it's got, let's say, five hundred mil of oil. If I, on Shabbos, scoop out one spoon of oil and I put it into my, my salad, so that is going to con- be considered extinguishing because the oil, this oil lamp would have burnt for five hours. Now it's gonna b-burn for five, uh, four and a half hours. So that is tachas. That's, that's chayim. So if I... So there you see I've deprived the fuel from this flame. That's called a

41:22 Speaker 1 melacha. So I heard the name of Rabbi Moshe Feinstein. Now, that might be true with a gas when you've got your own gas supply. And you can say, therefore, the whole canister is now c- as if it were owned by this flame, and by extinguishing your... by, by, by depriving your... it's considered extinguishing. But where you've got a municipal supply of gas, the whole of New York, the whole of London, you've got pipes. Necessarily, it's not like this, and everyone has their canister. But where you have a whole city, to say that the whole of London's gas is tofel to my... is, is, is subservient, is de-dedicated to my cooker, it seems to be, uh, unreasonable. And therefore, there is room to be lenient to, to, uh, to turn down the gas if necessary. That's, I heard the name of Rabbi Moshe. I wanna say one more thing about this topic, um, about where we talk about gram kibui. So it comes the second night of Yom Tov, and you... if you don't have a gas flame, you only have electricity. So how are you gonna light your candles? So you keep a, a yard-side candle which burns twenty-four hours. And as Murphy's Law would have it, five minutes before the, uh, time to light candles, it splutters and it goes out. So now you need to light Sha-the candles second night. You don't have a flame. So if you live in a Hamish area, so you go across to the neighbor, go across with

42:59 Speaker 1 a candle, and you light from there, and then you walk out, and then, and then a gust of wind blows it out again. You go again to the neighbor, yeah? So you... That's really not okay. You shouldn't be walking through the street with a candle because of the likelihood it'd be blown out by the wind. So if you are going to beg your neighbor for a, uh, flame, you should go along with- A lantern with a, with a jar or something, some way that it's not going to be, um, likely that the flame will go out during the journey from your neighbor back to your house. Um, truthfully, you are even if you bediavid, your, your, uh, if you don't have the ability to go to a neighbor, you are allowed to ask a Goy to strike a match to enable you to light, um, Yom Tov candles because striking a match is a Issur Derabonnan and asking a Goy makes it into a Shvus DeShvus. And then Zeh Hamitzvah to be able to light the Yom Tov candles. So you would be-- if, if your push comes to shove, uh, you don't have a, a, a, a ne- a flame to be able to light the candles, whether it's the second night of Yom Tov or, uh, out of Shabbos, uh, which is coming from Yom Tov, then you can ask a Goy to strike a match, and you can, uh, use that for lighting. I think I'm gonna stop here. And, um, we

44:32 Speaker 1 had some other very interesting stuff, but more in Agada, Agadita. I'm... It's hours late. I'm going to wish you all a Gmar Chatima Tova. And, um, I would, I would like to possibly do another shi- next shiur, perhaps the same thing, Motzei Shabbos of Challah Made. If the Elul are interested, hopefully, you know, Hazakah, there'll probably be some other interesting shailas to discuss in the Geulah Maaser. So meanwhile, wish you all a Gmar Chatima Tova. And, um, I thank the Aibishter for the wonder and amazing, amazing miracles which we saw, uh, last week in Eretz HaKodesh. And we should see, uh, Yeshuas, a, a, a Ganzt Yeshuah, Yeshuah and Geulah Shlemah, the Moshiach Tzidkeinu. Baal Tov, Begadana. Amen. Yasher koach. Shkoyach. Betach yoch. Baal Tov. Good.