פנורמה של הלכה 21

00:13 Speaker 1 A good shabbos.

00:23 Speaker 2 Good shabbos.

00:25 Speaker 1 Okay. So we have now, kind of, Shabbos HaGadol is divided into two parts. We have Shabbos HaGadol, where we had the Drashas today. And then we have Erev, Erev Pesach mamash, where we have, uh, saying the Haggadah, et cetera. Chabad have got a unique minhag, almost unique, that the haftarah of next week is the haftarah of Ve'orvo. And some minhagim, they always do it Shabbos HaGadol. Some have it davka. Not when it's on Erev Pesach. This in Chabad minhag is to say Ve'orvo, um, on, uh, next Shabbos. That's because that, that haftarah talks about the clearing out of the maaser, which one may have hoarded till now. And, ha-havio ha-maaser beser oytsetich. And Erev Pesach, that would be the time when one would have to clear out any maaser which one had hoarded, hoarded. Okay. I want to start off actually, though, with a riddle. Not a riddle, but a quest to which I don't have an answer. We have here, this is in Siman tof, ayin, gimel. Talking about the-- after we have Kiddush, which is Kadesh, and then we have Urchatz, and we have Karpas, which we dip in the, uh, the kade in salt water. And then comes Yachatz. And Yachatz is when we break the middle matzah, and in this way, we have a broken matzah for the whole of the Seder. And there's a reason for that, because of the matzah is called lechem oni, bread of poverty. And it's also a-- the word oni can also be understood of

02:09 Speaker 1 answering. It's lechem she'oni al avdei v'orim. So we have a-- make a point of, uh, having a broken matzah present at the recital of the Haggadah. So Yachatz is that station just before you're going into the Haggadah. So we break the middle matzah. So there's, there's one inyan of having a broken matzah. Then what we-- what do we do with the broken matzah? So we take it into two parts, and the smaller part we keep for the mitzvah of matzah. And the smaller, which we're going to have at the beginning of the meal, after Maggid, after the second cup of wine. And the larger part, we put aside for the afikoman. And this is what we have over here, this piece of Shechinah Rug. After having eaten from the vegetables which were dipped, we take the middle matzah of the three matzahs on the, on the, on the Seder kaylah, on the Seder plate. We break it in, uh, we break it as-- and will be explained. And the minhag Yisrael is that the piece which we break off, is that, that piece which we break off, we use it for afikoman. So in other words, we need to have a broken matzah, so we have a broken matzah. But what do we do with the piece which you broke off? Put it for the afikoman. Well, the fichlah. So the, the main thing is I should have a broken matzah for the se-- for the, for, for Maggid. What should I do now with

03:42 Speaker 1 the big pi-- with the broken piece? I put it aside for afikoman. But here becomes a very strange-- which I don't have the answer, as I said. You have a whole matzah, you broke it in half. Now, you're gonna now use part of it for a mitzvah, min ha-torah, of eating matzah. First night of Pesach, second night with some Rabbonim, Chutz La'aretz. And the second piece, you're gonna keep for afikoman, which is nowadays a re-re-a remember-- a reminder of Korban Pesach. So in my mind, the kor-- the, the mitzvah of matzah is a mitzvah min ha-torah. The, the mitzvah of afikoman is a zecher. So why should you put the larger piece for the afikoman, which is a zecher, and the smaller piece you're keeping for matzah, which is a mitzvah min ha-torah? It should have been the other way around. So that's my riddle, which I don't really have a satisfactory answer.

04:45 Speaker 2 A possible answer-

04:47 Speaker 1 Okay.

04:47 Speaker 2 Could be that right-- Oh.

04:50 Speaker 1 Go on.

04:52 Speaker 2 Yeah. That right now, all our mitzvahs are just a hachana for the Osid LaVoy. So right now, the mitzvah of matzah without the Korban Pesach is almost like a bedieved. Obviously, it's midorayta, but this is das taachton, with a das geulah is to have the Korban Pesach. That's the real mitzvah, and that, to eat the Korban Pesach, is a much greater mitzvah than matzah.

05:14 Speaker 1 Okay. All right. Um, fine. Let's, let's move on. Let's move on. The perennial question, does one have to switch off the lights for, for bidikas chametz? So we have here from Nite Gavriel, he says that you don't have to switch off the lights for bidikas chametz. Although some people do, and I see it in s-various forum, contemporary forum. But they ask this question, so you don't have to. And the fact that you, um, the, the use of the candle, which it says in the Gemara, helps you get into churyim v'zdak and gets you into the crevices, is in the corners. And this is usually the, the light in the room is not bright enough to really get into the, the- Don't ask me what the difference in English between nooks and crannies. But then the light in the room is not strong enough to get into the nooks and crannies, and therefore you, you, you still, you have benefit from the candle, so you don't have to switch off the lights. If it's, it's more fun that way, or it's more, uh, whatever you feel better to have the lights off, that's fine, but you don't have to switch the lights off for Birkat Hamotzi. Let's move on to a, a question. One time, one of my neighbors... One of my neighbors comes in, sells the chametz. And he says, uh, "So that means all my chametz is sold in this contract?" "Yeah, yeah. " He says, "What about the ten pieces? Are they also

06:54 Speaker 1 sold?" So this year, I looked into it a little bit more, and I saw that actually this question is raised by the Chasam Sofer. This is the Chasam Sofer which is on-- quoted on the margin of the Shulchan Aruch. Um, Siman tof, mim, Ches. Siman tof, mim, Ches is the siman talking about for Arab Pesach. Uh, sorry, it's talking about mechiras chametz. That's tof, mim, Ches. So now he asks-- I have a question. If you sell the chametz before you burn your-- If you sell the chametz before you burn the chametz, if so, since you've said that you've included all your chametz, uh, in the sale- Any better? Is it-- Is-- Can you hear me?

07:54 Speaker 3 We heard you before very well.

07:56 Speaker 2 It's worse now. No, I hear.

08:00 Speaker 1 Okay. So here we have this, this shtikel Chasam Sofer. And he says, "If you've sold your chametz, this included the, the, the ten pieces. So then you're not burning your own chametz." Then he s-- Then he says he has a v-- he has advice and a, a, this idea from the, the Dayan Daniel Prosnitz. If any of you have ever been to, to, uh, Bratislava, there is a, uh, the whole... The, there's a, uh, mausoleum like under the road. They made a road over it, and that you can go into this mausoleum, and you can see the, the grave of Chasam Sofer. And next to him, right near him, is Reb Daniel Prosnitz. So he says, "Well, I have a solution. You should take your ten pieces or whatever you're gonna burn, and you give it to someone else," . "You give it to someone else as a gift until after, uh, to, un-until, uh, um, during the sale, so it's not yours anymore. And then you take it back." I'm not very s-- convinced with that because if I'm gonna give my chametz to an, uh, to another person who's selling chametz in part of the same contract, so then, so then he, it's sold by, by, by... We, we, we... I give it to him, so his chametz is sold. So what, what did we achieve? So we, uh, c-so we're back to this question, yeah. The q- the question is, you sell the chametz and so if so the pieces which you

09:38 Speaker 1 put aside are included in the mechiras chametz, so you're not burning your chametz. This raises a question more and more, um, important this year, where people are retaining for Pesach, they re-- For Shabbos. Sorry. Not Pesach, for Shabbos. They're retaining some pita, which they're gonna eat for Friday night and on Shabbos for Shabbos morning. So someone can ask a legitimate question. When you sell the chametz in the contract, does it say that the pita for Shabbos is not sold? And what I want to say the answer to both of them is that so long as the circumstances are clear that this is not included in the sale, it's not included in the sale. So again, I'm going to s-repeat that. That although there is a blanket statement, all the chametz in this premises is included in the sale, but when there are parts of that chametz which are clearly not being included in the sale, then they're not included in the sale. So the stuff which you put aside to burn is not included in the sale because it's clearly that was your intention. It was clear intention. And the same thing, the p-stuff what you put aside for Shabbos is clearly put aside. It's not included in the sale. Where do I get this from? So here you have the Alter Rebbe in Taf Mim Ches. He says, "If you sold the chametz to the goy," and then what happens? If the Yid says, "Oh, he's," you know, "he's, he's sold his chametz to

11:09 Speaker 1 a goy," but he's worried that this Shaygetz might come along and, and start having some beer and some whiskey over Pesach. So what does he do? He goes and puts a seal on the room where the chametz is, so the goy, goy should be intimidated. Don't dare take, don't break the seal. You know, there's a certain, uh, fear. He mustn't break a seal, you know. And he says, If you put a seal on it, even if you at the time, if at the time of the sale, you made a clear indication that you don't want the goy to take anything from the sealed section, so then the sale is invalid. It's just a sham. So what we're seeing here is... And now there he's talking about he's got a pub. A Jew has got a pub, and he's got whiskey, and he's selling it to the goy, and he puts a seal on the door Of where the whiskey is. So then that invalidates the sale. I want to take this partially. I want to say that when I clearly have a bag put aside for burning chametz, or I have the pita which I know I can keep for Shabbos, there's no question. It's, it's very clear that this has been retained for Shabbos. That is... As a result, it's not included in the sale, and there's no, no, I don't want the sale. So therefore, if someone comes to me and says, "Rabbi, you're dying," whatever, "do you want to... Will you make

12:35 Speaker 1 a change in the shetau this year to exclude the pita from the, uh, mechira?" So I'll respond, "If you ma-- if you will have a tikkun for the ten pieces every year, I will make a tikkun for the, for the pitas this year." Okay. Someone's asked a question about Reb Chaim. I'm not familiar. I have to... Can-- I'll talk about it later. Rabbi, is that Rabbi Lew was suggesting the mitzvah min HaTorah is lechem oni. The haMotzi anyway includes the kohen matzah. Right. Someone mentioned that today also when I spoke about it in the shul that because why do we... Back to the question at the beginning of the year, why do we put aside the smaller matzah, smaller half of the middle matzah rather than the larger half? And so, because we... At, at motzi matzah, we actually eat from the top matzah as well as the middle matzah. So therefore, okay. The sale is usually not done after burning. Usually, what happens is, and every year, and, um, not this year, I, I stop eating matzah. Sorry, sorry. Stop eating chametz and, and come the time that end up eating chametz. Then I go to the goy and sell the, the, the, uh, chametz. Then half an hour, once that takes about half an hour, and after that we go and burn our, our, our, uh, that's when we burn the, burn the, uh, burn the chametz, after the sale.

13:55 Speaker 2 When does the sale take place?

13:57 Speaker 1 This year, I am, in BeEzrat Hashem, I will be selling the, um, um, Erev about one, one o'clock. Just to make it a little bit easier for shops, et cetera, to give it a little bit more time to be able to sell. But I, I still need to sell it B'Yishar Vadas, and therefore to do it closer to Shabbos with all the pressure which we're gonna have, I felt it's, it's unreasonable. But I wonder, and, and fair to say what I said, um, a few times. The sale, the sale is, is, is a mechira chaluta. It's an absolute sale. Once the mechira is done, um, there's no point in then taking more chametz and putting it into the cupboards or something, which it wasn't included in the sale before. Anything you buy later, which you didn't include in mechira by, by one o'clock, will, will not be sold. Okay.

14:41 Speaker 2 Is it Mashma D'Chasam Sofer doesn't hold of that particular Seforim?

14:45 Speaker 1 Yes. Well, I said I have a problem with it. Okay.

14:50 Speaker 2 I didn't hear you. Sorry.

14:51 Speaker 1 Yes. And let's move on. I'm saying, um, um, he, he, he's giving a etza. Yeah. But his, his etza, I'm not, I wasn't satisfied with. Right. Well, here you have the Alter Rebe L'chilla, Hashtahke, Hashtahke, um, um, Raaya, you know, to, to the Kula. Okay, let's move on. A lot of people are, are anxious come Erev, Erev Pesach She'chol Bi Shabbos, and you have to have Lechem Mishnah. So then if you, if you have a few people, so you finish it off. But if you have just one person, two people, how are you gonna manage to finish off your two pitas on Shabbos morning? Question. So someone asked me, a couple, and they asked whether they can use the egg matzah as a Lechem Mishnah. What's the shaala? So the shaala is egg matzah is Mezonos. Can Mezonos make up your Lechem Mishnah? And, and let me say, Ashkenazim don't eat... Egg matzah is called matzah aschira. Ashkenazim won't eat egg matzah during Pesach, nor Erev Pesach, uh, after the Zman Ha'ezer. But here we're talking in the morning when you can have chametz. Can you have a egg matzah? It's, you know, it's not, it's not fit for the Seder, so therefore it's not a problem of, uh, it's disqualified. You could really, uh... But, but it's, it's Mezonos. So this is really a question the whole year round. What happens if it comes Shabbos and you don't have... You only have one piece of HaMotzi, one Challah, you run out. But then you've

16:28 Speaker 1 got a cupcake. Can you use a cupcake as, as a Lechem Mishnah? It's a whole thing. It's a whole... Or, or a biscuit, a big biscuit. So here we have a shtikel from Rabim Noah in Ksav V'Shulchan, and he says since Mezonos Passa BaBakisdin, if you made it into a meal, it would become HaMotzi. It would make out a Seudah. So he says you can also use it for Lechem Mishnah. That's how he paskens. So therefore, I felt that if that's gonna solve your anxiety and, uh, you want to use a egg matzah as for Lechem Mishnah. So as I said, the one should be HaMotzi because otherwise it's a shaala. Can you make HaMotzi on an egg matzah? To make HaMotzi on egg matzah, you're gonna have to have, uh, about four matzahs, which is quite a lot, yeah? But, uh, as a Lechem Mishnah, as a second one, that should be okay. All right, let's move on. So y- someone's asking, does everything have to be completely burnt before the time of Gevir of chametz? No. Um, it's different to every year. This year, you're going to burn the chametz at, uh, at noon, but you're still gonna have chametz which you're gonna be retaining for eating, uh, for eating, um, until, till Zman Ha'ezer, till ten o'clock Shabbos morning. So you're asking, can the second one be a real matzah? So that is a problem because it's not royach achila. You c- to take a shmura matzah as a second one is

17:57 Speaker 1 a problem. Right. Let's move on. So- Here, the Alter Rebbe in 700 mem dalet says after the, after you finish eating the Shabbos meal, before the-- that's before ten o'clock, which is the Sha'ar Chamishis. Yeah, ten o'clock is... In other words, from six o'clock to Sha'ar Chamishis is abou-- Ten o'clock is the beginning of the fifth hour. So the Alter Rebbe says, "You know, You should shake off the tablecloth from the crumbs which are there." Baruch Hashem, today, as I said, we, we have the, uh, we have disposables. So we all use disposable plastic, and then we'll ta-- throw that away. But he didn't have that luxury. So you have... So he says you should shake off the small crumbs, the tiny crumbs from the tablecloth. You should shake it, and the little crumbs which are on the floor, you rely on Bitul. Okay. What bothered me was that I had said, and I think we had this on the shiur, on this shiur, uh, during the summer, was that I s-had seen somewhere that shaking out something to the wind is a problem of zoreh. So let me explain. Here, there's a, a sif-- This is from the, the second quote is from siman shin yud tes. The last, uh, seif in Hilchos Ba'al. This is based upon the Yerushalmi. One who spits in the wind, and the wind scatters the s- the, the saliva. It's like it is, it's punishable for winnowing because winnowing would be scattering the, the chaff, et cetera. So

19:41 Speaker 1 although there it's to separate the bad from the good, here, the Yerushalmi holds, even if it's not gonna cause separation, just using wind to scatter particles is, is of zoreh. Then he says, uh, it could be a, a midira sofrom, et cetera. So, but here you see that... So this is where, where they're saying that scattering, shaking out the tablecloth would be a problem of zoreh. And here, the Alter Rebbe says, "You should take, shake out the tablecloth." And the teretz is a very simple one. The, the-- Where does it come from? I, I saw this in... There's a very good Sefer on, on, uh, Hilchos Shabbos by someone called Rav David Ribiat, four volumes. And there he brings about not shaking out a tablecloth to the wind. And that is actually the Ma-Mashiam who says so. But he's talking about shaking out in the wind. If you take it out when there's a strong, uh, breeze and you're using the breeze of the wind to scatter off the crumbs, that's taka also. When the Alter Rebbe says here, you shake off the tablecloth, it's just not talking about the wind. So to shake it out in the wind, take it out in the garden and shake it out in the wind is taka a problem. It's, it should, it shouldn't do. To shake out the tablecloth onto the floor without, not because of the wind, now, then that would be okay. So that also... Do you mind taking phone, yeah. If you remember then

21:03 Speaker 1 at the same shiur, I mentioned that you to do this, to blow off the dust off a Sefer. See, that also in Ribiat, in the same context, he says you shouldn't do that on Shabbos because what you're doing is you're using the power of, of wind. Although it's your own personal wind, uh, which you're creating by blowing, but you shouldn't use the power of wind to scatter particles. Okay, let's move on. What do we have here next? Okay. Um, to clarify something which was, came up last week. Let me just not keep it open. What came up last week about mushrooms. And so I mentioned that some Sefarim talk about not using mushrooms. I mentioned last week from the Ga-Peisach Gaon, Rabbi Blumenkranz, that he says because mushrooms are cultivated on, on, um, chametz surfaces. So but then someone then after the shiur last week, someone called up, and they said that they had already made, already last week, af meer gereed. They already cooked already for Pesach. They already cooked a soup with mushrooms, peeled mushrooms. So I, I said I'll look into it again. So this is now from the Hakol, which is the, the, uh, Kedassia, uh, organization. So they address the eating of mushrooms, and they do address that, um, mushrooms are cultivated on, on a bed of grain. But that would only be a problem during Pesach. In other words, if they are grown during Pesach. I think I mentioned before about milk from cows which feed on chametz. So

22:41 Speaker 1 milk from... If it's during Pesach, milk from a cow which feeding on chametz could be a, should be avoided. So mushrooms which are grown during Pesach should taka be avoided. But mushrooms which are grown before Pesach, so they're, what they're saying that, uh, there's not a problem. You wanna have a zehir or wanna have a chumrah, that's okay. But min haddin, uh, that's not a problem because it's before Pesach and it's, uh, already transformed from the grain into a different form totally into the mushroom. So for before Pesach, it's not a problem, um, min haddin. If someone wants to avoid mushrooms as a chumrah, then fine, that's okay.

23:19 Speaker 3 Why? Why is it okay if it's grown on grain?

23:23 Speaker 1 Because, um, because it's totally transformed. It's not, it's not, uh... You can read what he has over here. "The mushrooms are, mushrooms are not a problem." Um, yeah.

23:35 Speaker 3 He doesn't say why.

23:36 Speaker 1 It doesn't go into... All right, so if you g-have access to a Shevet HaLevi, um, so Rav Wosner also says this in Chelek Ches siman kuf yud dalet. So he say, he says the same thing, takes the same position. Because it's, it's not chametz. It's something which is produced from a, a origin, but it's totally transformed. It's not that there's any chametz in the mushroom. It's like it's dr-it's feeding from it, but it's not it's actually-

24:03 Speaker 3 I don't have access to Shevet HaLevi, but I did have access to Google. And after last shiur matzah Shabbos, I looked it up both in England and in America. They base it on, on, on grain, and it comes out of the moisture and the dampness of the chametz-dike grain.

24:17 Speaker 1 Right.

24:17 Speaker 3 So it's a direct product of chametz.

24:19 Speaker 1 Yeah. So what would happen, let, let me just repeat the argument of Rav, Rav Wosner in Shevet HaLevi, if I'm not mistaken. What would happen if you take a chametz-dike grain and you plant it in the soil and it grows in... Well, you know what? If you take non-- If you take chepezar-dike grain and you put it, it's gonna get moist, and it's gonna get chametz in the so- in the ground. And then it's gonna grow, and you get mechubad matzah. And sheya hecht, uh, she, she, sheya, sheya korf, but from them machen matzah, yeah. We, it, it became chametz in the ground. Novus, it changed. Right. And same thing here. The chickens are fed on grain, and, uh, they're okay for Pesach, yeah. But i-if it's on, during Pesach, taka, it might be a, an issue. But if it's from before Pesach, it's okay. Let's move on. Um, let's see what we have next thing. Oh, a number of people are asking about wine sold in chametz. Now, the emmis is you don't have to sell the wine. It's just not chametz. You have a, a bottle which has been touched with chametz di gehand doesn't mean you have to sell the wine. But even if you did sell the wine, it does not make the ya- the wine oser. And we have the concept in Halakha of a goy actually realizing that Jewish wine is a profitable venture. And so he, um, may actually own a factory and own wine, and it's sealed.

25:33 Speaker 1 It be owned. It's, it's-- the seal is sealed by the Rav, et cetera, and it belongs to the goy. So the ownership of the goy doesn't make it oser. It's only when the goy has access to it. You can see that in various sources. What I thought I saw as I was looking for this, an interesting question. If you have a whole room which you sell to the goy, do you have to take care for the mezuzah and replace it after Pesach? Because it was, it belonged to a goy, so now it's, uh, because we have a concept in Halakha of ta'aseh v'lo min ha'aseret. That you, you have to make something in a kosher state, and here it was pasul. So they actually-- So this is, this is, I'm quoting from Midrash Gabriel again. It's not a problem. Let's say, let's say you have a room which is a sukkah. Sukkah is patur min hames and mezuza.

26:20 Speaker 4 Is it davka by sukkah and-

26:21 Speaker 1 Give me a moment, yeah.

26:22 Speaker 4 Very sorry.

26:23 Speaker 1 You have a room which is a sukkah. And during sukkah, it stayed as sukkah is patur min hames and mezuza. You took off the roof. After sukkah, you put the roof back. Do you have to re-- The tehila asiyah when this mezuzah was screwed to this do-doorway, was it kosher? Yes. The fact that it went through a phase of psul doesn't undermine the original asiyah. If the original making, the original maaseh was a kosher one, the fact that it went through a psul phase doesn't invalidate. So let's say if you have a, a pair of tzitzit, it went through by night, it became patur min ha-tzitzit. But originally it was, it was also-- This may not be a good moshal, yeah. My, my Rosh Yeshiva used to say, "Moshal k'cheles ani sbor." But, uh, for this reason, it, it-- the-- Since the mezuzah was, um, was ex-- was put there, it was a chayav mezuzah. The fact that it went through a moment where it belonged to a goy doesn't say it was nasah b'psul. It was nasah b'kashrus. You don't have to replace the mezuzah. You don't have to take it off or replace. Okay, um, Rav Naftali, is it clear?

27:29 Speaker 4 Yeah. It's just something by mezuzah and by tzitzit and sukkah is, uh, the reason is very, very shetejl chal.

27:39 Speaker 1 All right. The var over here, tzitzit was a tehila asiyah also b'kashrus.

27:43 Speaker 4 Yeah.

27:43 Speaker 1 The fact that it goes through this phase of psul doesn't matter. Okay, let's move on. Um, okay, so here I have a question. A young family, they're going from where they live. They're going to another town to where their parents-

27:56 Speaker 4 Sorry. I, I'm sorry to interrupt. I meant, I meant ta'aseh, not shetejl chal. Ta'aseh.

28:00 Speaker 1 Uh-huh. Okay.

28:01 Speaker 4 Okay.

28:01 Speaker 1 Okay. Right. All right. So they, they, they, they, they're coming to-- moving to their parents. Well, they have a few kinderlach. So the first two, three days, they're gonna be with the parents. The last days, because of there's no erev there, et cetera. But for chamud, there's a neighbor who's, who has a way for Pesach, and they kindly allowed them to use the, the premises. So-- But they're just gonna sleep there. So the halakha is very clear that you have to do bikkurim chametz there. And I think I mentioned this before. If you rent a car during Pesach, you have to do bikkurim chametz before you start using the car because it could be there's chametz there. So if you go and move into a hotel during Pesach, you have to do bikkurim chametz there. So here we-- Let's just, I just, I like to bring sources from, you know. It shouldn't be just my own chidushim. Um, so here we have from what's a sefer all about bikkurim chametz. Chirur chametz. Not allowed to use premises which haven't, um, which haven't been searched. Not only the balabos, someone else. It shouldn't be-- You shouldn't be using a premises which has a chirur bikkur, um, without, without, without doing bikkur. I once had a shailah which I didn't-- I don't remember what I answered. It was a very difficult one. Was it a boy? Perhaps I mentioned last week. A boy who, um, is baal teshuva and his parents are keeping, uh, uh, keeping nothing.

29:19 Speaker 1 And he's staying at home, and there's all this chametz out there. What does he do? Can he stay in the house where there's all the chametz lying around? Yeah. Right. Let's move on. Ah, just to break the tension. My ein klal like to see pictures. It was, uh, uh, I said last week. This-- Is this a trick photo? So it's not a trick. It's, it's a real photo. And this is a mezuzah shailah, yeah. The, the shailah. I had, I had to look at it for a while to get-- wo-work it out. It's actually a horizontal door. And so they're asking, "Does it have a mezuzah?" And the answer is no, it's patur min hamezuzah. It's clear in the poskim that the mezuzah. They say, in other words, you go up the stairs, you bang your head onto the door, and then somehow you lift it, and then that would, that, that would-- that's how you get through to the upstairs, to the loft. And so that's, that's patur min hamezuzah because the mezuzah has to be, uh, vertical, not horizontal. We learned this from, from Ever, um, Ever Yiri, whatever. I'm asking about chametz being burnt. This should be-- Chametz should be burnt by chatzos this year. Yes. Let's come, let's continue our... All right. You guys are gonna find ein klal. So now let's move on. Okay. This shailah came last week. I and someone came to shul. Doesn't come very often, it looks like. And... Oh, wait a minute. Wait a minute.

30:45 Speaker 1 I've skipped something. I've skipped something. I've skipped, um... So let's leave that for the ein klal meanwhile. So now question nine, which we have, it's customary to renew the aid of every out of Pesach. So you have-- When you have a couple of neighbors who are, uh, share- Share a garden or next to one another. They have an opening between the garden. So you can make an eiruv where you put down a, a, um, uh, a matzah, and you make a kinyan. And like this, everyone, it, the, the, the loaf of br-- of matzah or loaf of bread joins them all into one, a unit, and therefore they're allowed to carry from one to the other. So it says in Shulchan Aruch, brings the minhag to renew it. Although it's a mitzvah min hamukhe to do it every Friday and to make the eiruv anew every Friday. But the minhag is to do it once a year. And the minhag would be to use it, to use matzahs. For the simple reason that if you do it once a year, if it were made of bread, it'd either get moldy or get hard, uh, rock hard. Therefore, there's a minhag to use matzah, which keeps better from year to year. Um, last year, um, I was learning. It was last year. I was, I was learning halachas eiruvin, and then I saw a clip of a, uh, friend of mine from Yeshiva who is a Rav in Moshav in Eretz Israel and is making the

32:03 Speaker 1 eiruv, eiruv Pesach. He has this big ma-- box of machine matzah and is making the eiruv. So, uh, as I'd learnt in the shi-sugya then, it has to be, the eiruv has to be something which you yourself would eat. And I said, "I, I, I don't suspect that you would eat that kind of matzah during Pesach." So how could you make it for a, for a... Actually, when I spoke to him, it was like in the middle of Sefirat HaOmer. It was like, he says, "What? I have to do it again?" So I said, "Now it's okay." But, uh, what, for, to, for, you know, eiruv Pesach. Sorry. Uh, for, for, for the Shabbos during Pesach, if the eiruv is something which you wouldn't eat, it could be a question whether it's a valid eiruv. All right, so now comes the question. How, what... It comes out of Pesach, so you have to make a new eiruv. So what do you use? The same matzah? Make a new bracha on it? Or do you, do you f-take, do, do you eat the old matzah, and you put new matzah? But then how can you eat the old matzah? Because we don't eat, I mean, Chabad is not to eat matzah from Purim. So how do you... In other words, you got your old eiruv. You want to get the old eiruv out of the way, and you want to now make a new eiruv. So what do you do with the old eiruv? So that

33:17 Speaker 1 was his question. So I said that one option is to give it away to someone else. Simple as. You give away that matzah to someone else who's not part of your eiruv, and problem solved. The other answer is you can eat the matzah. If anyone wants to eat matzah of your eiruv, I got an answer. Make a matzah brei. Make, make a, make, make an, an omelet. And that matzah in a omelet is invalid for, for, uh, mitzvah of matzah. So in that way, you can eat it. And, uh, even, even before Pesach, even mamash eiruv Pesach, you could have. I'm not mentioning it this year, but you could have, um, matzah mevushelet. If the matzah is cooked or fried, it takes away the status of matzah shemeitzvah, and then you could have it closer to Pesach if you wanted to. So those, those are two answers. All right, I see here someone's asking, um, "How close to the vertical does the door have to be?" Right. That's gonna be a question. If you've got a, a door on an angle, what's, what-- how steep would it be to say that it's called horizontal? Or when do you say it's going to be vertical? I don't have the answer to that. What bracha for matzah brei? So it depends how, how, uh, if it's still got the tzurisa dinama, it still looks like matzah. Uh, like, like French toast, yeah, is hamotzi. If it's, um, become mushy, then it becomes mezeines. Let's move on. Okay.

34:48 Speaker 1 So now here became a shailah. Someone came to shul on Shabbos, and he gave the rabbi a piece of paper. I'm not sure whether it was a check or a pledge, a written pledge. And he gave it to the rabbi on Shabbos, and the rabbi was, uh, well, how you say: bichot kir beliboy misitra dor vechelbo misitra dor. You see, it's a big donation, but it was given on Shabbos. So can you use that, um, note, um, on Shabbos? I'm sorry, not on... Can you use a note which was written on Shabbos? Can you use it to, to, um, bank or to, to, to follow up? So where, where's the question? So we have here, hamavashal b'Shabbos. Here, this is the beginning of Shini Yad Ches. If someone cooks on Shabbos, asher osa echad mish'ar melachos. If a melacha was done on Shabbos bemeizid, if it was done knowingly, osu lo leolam lehon oseh melacha mishun knas. A person who did the melacha on Shabbos, so he's not allowed to have any benefit from that melacha as a, as a, as a penalty. And furthermore, the kedeira shebishl bo asur leho leolam, the pot which he cooked in would be osu for him because it's a bl-- absorbed midavra asur lei because it's got a, like, a treif substance in it. Aval acheirim mutar af al tachshil b'mitzvot Shabbos miyad. But other people are allowed to benefit. So if a person cooked on Shabbos knowingly, that you're not allowed to, he's not allowed to have

36:12 Speaker 1 that food forever. But others may have benefit from it, motza'i Shabbos. And they don't have to wait b'cheshe yasu. He explains later why. Af im bishl bishvilo, even though he cooked for you. And so because it's, he did, he, he did the aveira, but someone else can have benefit from it, from it motza'i Shabbos. So, you know, if that's the case, it would follow that this check, which was written on Shabbos. Well, I don't know. Perhaps it was written before. But even if it was written on Shabbos, but you... And someone else is allowed to have benefit from it on motza'i Shabbos. It's not totally clear. The picture's not totally clear.

36:53 Speaker 4 But isn't he getting a benefit from it?

36:55 Speaker 1 But not on Shabbos. It's after Shabbos.

36:58 Speaker 4 No, but what if the donor gets a benefit by using it as his ma'aser?

37:03 Speaker 1 The ruchniyus is a good benefit. That's okay. That's, that's okay Um, but what I, what I told him is that there is a little bit of a lack of clarity because you could say: "What do you mean he did it for you?" Yeah. And here, the Alter Rebbe says, "Afin bishil b'shvil," but other places, the Alter Rebbe says that if you did it for someone so that the, the intended beneficiary is not allowed to have it. So let's say if I had a posik talking about, let's say, a, a restaurant who was cooking on Shabbos. Are we, are customers allowed to use it after Shabbos? It becomes actually a very, you know, it's a very pertinent question here to throw. Um, are you allowed to use the bus right after Shabbos? Mm-hmm. Because the fact that the buses are rolling, uh, ten minutes after Shabbos, well, the driver was already in the depot, um, you know, earlier. And same thing goes with the, with the planes. With the El Al- Yeah. -planes and motzei Shabbos. Motzei Shabbos flight. Are you allowed to get onto the planes because they take a few hours of warm-up. So that's, uh, then a posik grapple with that. But, um, so what I t- therefore, there is a certain element of saying it was, um, that, that you shouldn't have benefit from it. So I, I gave a simple hetter. You call him up after, you know, on Sunday, Monday, you say, "Mr., you know, Jack," it was like, uh,

38:19 Speaker 1 "I'm really so touched with your donation. But the, the, the, there was a little bit cl-- um, a little bit smudgy. I couldn't read the numbers exactly. Could you, um, give me the numbers again for the account where to put it?" Or whatever. Some-somehow make a, uh, get him to rev-review. Give you the numbers again, and that way you're not having benefit from the thing on Shabbos. Um, now, someone asks here, is it shogeg or meizid? Here, I, I... It's a bit of a painful one. When the definition of shogeg means, "Oops, I didn't know it's Shabbos. Oops, I'm didn't know that you're not allowed to do this on Shabbos." And the loshon of the Gemara is shav miydi oso. If I had realized, I wouldn't have done that. That's a shogeg. A person who says, "I know that it's Shabbos, but I'm, I'm not yet ready to commit to keep Shabbos." Chot lesreida. That's not shav miydi oso. So it's difficult to take the liberty of saying it's called a shogeg. It's, it's not in Poskim, it's not shav miydi oso, so it's difficult to say that the definition of shogeg. You can say onos, you can say, um, tinuk shenishbe, but to use the term shogeg is gonna be a bit difficult. Right. Asking, as long as the matzah is still edible, can you not rely on the old Erev? The answer is yes. So long as the old Erev was, is still edible, it's still valid. But it says in Sh- in,

39:57 Speaker 1 I mean, in Shulchan Aruch, an important Alter Rebbe siddur also, that the minhag is to renew it every Erev Pesach. So we'd want to keep that minhag. And one of the reasons for renewing it, one is because even matzah has also got a limited shelf life. But also that there should be shelo tishelech. That people should remember that there's nothing, that there, there is something, that there's the issue of carrying, and that you need to do something to be allowed to carry. Writing which is joined may not really necessarily be... It sounds like a sofer is asking this. That the writing which is joined doesn't count like shtei osios. That's because you are used to writing mezuzahs so that they mustn't touch. But for, well, in English, where it's on the contrary, if you're, if you write them separate, bist ap shashtikl or shmendrik, you don't know how to write, uh, joined. So I don't think that's a chasoran in English if the letters are, are joined. Okay. Let's go on. Let's go on the last question which we have, and that is about a Sheva Brachos. It's, it's this Shabbos. Actually, on Motzaei Shabbos, I saw a question from one of the rabbonim in Eretz Yisrael. He asks for clarity. Because of lockdown, there are a lot of chasunahs happening now in Eretz Yisrael, et cetera. Lockdown is eased. And then what happens if Sheva Brachos is on Seder night? How do you work with the cups of wine and give, uh, et cetera?

41:31 Speaker 1 And he's, he's just asking, does anyone have some clarity, um, experience with this? I know that, um, if Reb Mendel Suffrin, I think your, your, um, sister is married to Buchit. I think their chasunah was very close to Pesach, so there may have been a shailah then. I don't remember the details though. I'm sorry. Well, she married to Spalter, my older sister. Oh, was that Spalter who got- Yeah. They got married very close to Pesach? Yeah, the last Sheva Brachos is Yud Beis. Oh, Yud Beis, that's not a problem. Yeah. But if it would be into, mamash into Pesach, that would be a very interesting question which our chachamim talk about. Reb Shalom Alot have got married on Yud Gimmel Nissan. Okay. Motzei Shabbos. Uh-huh. The, the, the, the oil, oil, oil, oil, oil, oil Okay. So then I'm, I'm, I'm sure Reb Shalom worked through the shailah. I'm sure. All right. So we're not coming back to... This is not, nothing to do with Pesach. It's a shailah of Sheva Brachos. So, so now, the, the, the story is the following: What do you do when you have a Sheva Brachos, which is Shabbos afternoon, Shabbos Shalosh Udos time. And it comes, the, your bentch, and it's very dark outside. You have achilat. You're not allowed to eat before Havdalah. So are you allowed to drink the cup of the, uh, cup of wine for... So now, when I published the siddur, I wrote, I quoted from Reb Zalman Schimman, which I'd heard from

43:07 Speaker 1 family, that Reb Zalman Schimman would pasken that you drink the, the cup of wine- Right after bentching, before Havdalah. That was the way Rab Shalash Mishim had paskened. I heard it from Heschel Dobravsky, love Shalom. So I wrote that. Subsequently was published this letter of the Rebbe. So now you can see here, resembling. What is the minhag of drinking the cup of wine in Seudas Shlishis? Which has been spilt over past sunset. The Rebbe says, as far as I-- my impression is, as far as I remember, that you don't-- we don't drink the cup of wine until after Havdalah. So, um, so all right. Baruch Hashem. So I'd written Rab Shalash Mishim's psak, but here clearly the Rebbe says that that's not the minhag, and one wouldn't drink it. Now, um, in the... I mentioned last week, the Bachacharov. In his pirush on Even Etzer, in Eize Mikoidesh, he mentions why it's very important to have seven brachos and not six. If you remember when it says by, in Parashat Chissiso. Moshe was delaying, so because Moshe was delaying, that's why they made the golden calf. So Chazal say, Became six. So he says, to have six without the seventh is asking for trouble. So the Bachacharov there, he says that you should drink the wine, and many poskim take that view that you shouldn't have just six brachos. You have to have seven brachos. Despite that, you see here that the Rebbe is saying that our minhag is to, not to have the hagafen

45:02 Speaker 1 right after, um, um, bentching. Instead, one takes the six brachos after bentching, and the seventh brocha is going to be kept. You keep that wine for Havdalah, and you make-- the same cup is used for Havdalah and for, uh, for, for bentching. So then, then back and forth, does the-- who makes, who, who, who makes that? Does it-- Should it be the person who benched, who led the bentching should make Havdalah? So here we have from Rab Chaim Noah, and he says, the one who held the cup for bentching. So he has the chiyuv to make the brocha hagafen. It would be correct that he also should be the one to do Havdalah because there's a swearer that the one who leads the bentching, who held the cup, he'd after-- he should be the one to drink the, to drink, to make the brocha and drink the wine. So it's recommended that the same person should make, should make Havdalah. Just before finishing of this point, part of the question, part of this discussion was about Panim Chadashas. For Sheva Brachos, besides the night of the chasuna, during the rest of the week, if you want to make Sheva Brachos, one of the conditions is that you have to have a new face. Someone who wasn't there at the chasuna, wasn't there part of the celebration. So now it's as if the celebration is a new celebration because, uh, we have a new face. So that's the concept of, of, of, uh, Panim Chadashas. Comes

46:33 Speaker 1 Shabbos, so then you don't need to have a Panim Chadashas for Shabbos because Shabbos itself is a, a cause for a new celebration. So you don't need to have a Panim Chadashas for Shabbos. What about Seudas Shlishis? For the seventh two meals of Shabbos, you don't have to have a Panim Chadashas. Now, what's the big deal to find someone off the street? Which is also, I mean, a question on its own. But actually, this family are out on a retreat, and now it's become a pleminic some of people. They go to a hotel or something, the whole family, and it's a very beautiful, um, time when the family get together. And so they, uh, in the hotel, they're not gonna have anyone else besides family. And people who were there for the first two meals are gonna be there for Seudas Shlishis. There's no new-- They no- won't have a Panim Chadashas, uh, which wasn't there for the first two meals. So it's actually this discussion in poskim. And what it seems like-- So I, I took the Kitzur Shulchan Aruch as the posek. They have different opinions, but Kitzur Shulchan Aruch had a tremendous zchus, this Kabbalah betutzes Yisroel. So Kitzur Shulchan Aruch says that Sheva Bracha for Seudas Shlishis, if the chosson is doresh, if the chosson will say, uh, de- dwar ture, or actually could be someone else also, but if the chosson is doresh, then that adds to the simcha. Then you can make a Sheva Brachos at Seudas Shlishis even

47:53 Speaker 1 without having a Panim Chadashas. That's how that was his psak. Um, so also just to summarize that, that point that the, we, we, eh, for-- to make Sheva Brachos at Seudas Shlishis for Panim Chadashas, you need to, you'd have to have a chosson to say a dwar, a dwar ture. The wine we would not drink right after. We wouldn't make hagafen right at the end of bentching. We'd wait for after Havdalah, and then after Havdalah, that cup of wine would be used for Havdalah, and the same wine would be used, um, for, uh-

48:28 Speaker 4 I didn't catch why Seudas Shlishis it's not Panim Chadashas on Shabbos.

48:33 Speaker 1 All right. So the answer, see, the, the, the issue is that because Seudas Shlishis is not such a strong chiyuv seudah. Many, you know, you can, you can be resembling with the mini targimo, so it doesn't have the same impact, so to speak, as other seudas. And that's why they, the, the poskim are, are, uh, you know, doubting whether it's, it has the power. Yeah. So that's the, that's the, that's the psak. Um, one last thing, and just let's see here. I remember when Sach-- Oh, I-I'll, Rab Zalman, I'm gonna come to your point now. But first, I remember when Sach used to make Sheva Brachos at Seudas Shlishis. Whoever benched used to make Havdalah. Yeah. So now there is a business of ein osek mitzvot chavilos. There is a question of using the same opportunity for several mitzvahs. It's as if you wanna, you know, roll them all off, as if you wanna un-- discharge your duties as quick as you can. So there is a certain reluctance of ein osek mitzvot chavilos chavilos. So then can you use the same cup for Havdalah and for, uh... Now, the poel, what we saw by the Rebbe, every Yom Tov, there was a cup for bentching. And then that same cup was kept for after, after the, after Ma'ariv. If you remember, Mottel Ber Liv in, in Telshefsky would stand up and say, "The same, there would yet sign as I." Um, we went with the whole thing. The Rebbe would bentching, and then there

50:07 Speaker 1 will be, um, Ma'ariv, and then the Rebbe would make an Havdalah or node, but the Rebbetell , as I remember that, that kind of wording. So, the Rebbe used the same cup of wine for bentching and for Havdalah. So it looks like there is room to be m-more mekabel on this, um, ein od mitzvot chavilah v'chavilas. And if you want to read about this in the siddur, uh, which I published f-fifteen years ago in, in Miluim, Siman Chof Ches, you have a whole discussion about this. Why, w-why it's not a problem of ein od mitzvot chavilas, but I'm not going to do that now because, uh, I didn't look it over now and, uh, Baruch Hashem is there, and you can look it up. Okay, I'm going to stop a little bit early unless-

50:54 Speaker 5 Good work, Dr. Dan Ruskin.

50:56 Speaker 1 Yes.

50:57 Speaker 5 I want to ask you something that bothers me already for many years, I never got the answer for it. You're not allowed to fast on Shabbos, you're not allowed to prepare sh-on Shabbos for the next day. But here we go to davening seven in the morning, we eat everything by eleven o'clock to finish eating bread. We're doing things for the next day, and I don't get it. I-I don't understand what the heck is all this.

51:15 Speaker 1 What are you doing for the next day?

51:17 Speaker 5 You're not eating challah, you're not eating this, you're not allowed to do this, you're not allowed to do that.

51:21 Speaker 1 Yeah.

51:21 Speaker 5 It's, it's Shabbos. Wait till... You're preparing for the next day, basically.

51:26 Speaker 1 I don't understand.

51:26 Speaker 5 Based on the next day.

51:27 Speaker 1 What are you preparing?

51:29 Speaker 5 You're stopping from keeping Shabbos or doing what you normally do on Shabbos for the next day, basically.

51:34 Speaker 1 Yeah, but you're not, you're not doing-- you're not preparing anything. You're just-

51:37 Speaker 5 Okay, you stop eating challah.

51:38 Speaker 1 You're not enjoying the Shabbos in the normal way.

51:40 Speaker 5 Yeah.

51:40 Speaker 1 But that's not preparing.

51:41 Speaker 5 You, you, you're changing the whole Shabbos. You're going, "Oh, it's a davening."

51:44 Speaker 1 Yeah, yeah, yeah.

51:45 Speaker 5 Why? Where is the, where is the heck of this?

51:50 Speaker 1 Yeah, yeah. I have to... We'll have to find a solution to make the food for the, uh, the afternoon. So as long as you make essen, we shouldn't feel like we're missing anything, huh?

51:59 Speaker 5 No, I'm saying why you, why you, you, you're burning the chametz on Friday. After that, you, you normally you're not allowed to have no and no from chametz-

52:07 Speaker 1 Yeah.

52:07 Speaker 5 -and you're going to eat Friday night, um, uh, challah, and then Shabbos suddenly become the front person. You're not... Don't eat this tonight. There's gonna be Pesach. E-everything is so upside down. I'm not getting an answer from no one.

52:20 Speaker 1 Yeah. It's not, it's not a question of Aron. It's a question of Mom is changing the Seder. Yeah?

52:25 Speaker 5 Changing things for the next day. Correct.

52:27 Speaker 1 Yeah. You're changing because it's very-

52:29 Speaker 5 Normally, you're not allowed to sleep to go to... If I go to Israel or to Shabbos, I want to go and sleep, so I'll be okay on the flight. You're not allowed to do it. Here, people go to eat-

52:35 Speaker 1 You are allowed to. It just doesn't say you're doing it that way.

52:38 Speaker 5 Okay, you're still thinking of it. And here, you go to sleep in the afternoon, so Seder night you'll be able to be up. You're doing many things on Shabbos that do not belong to it.

52:48 Speaker 1 Yeah. All right. Take two.

52:51 Speaker 5 But you haven't an answer either.

52:52 Speaker 1 I'm gonna join all the others who didn't give you a good enough answer.

52:55 Speaker 5 Okay.

52:56 Speaker 1 Good. I wish you all a, a, a kosher, freilichen Pesach. And, um, menuchal, we should be zoche, celebrate this Pesach in Yerushalayim Ir HaKodesh, and B'shat tziveinu, and menuchal sham min has'buchim min hapsuchim, min hapsuchim min has'buchim, we should have Kol Pesach. And then we'll have a other kabbalas, um, Simchas Olam Al Moshe.

53:16 Speaker 6 Dr. Dan Ruskin.

53:17 Speaker 5 Good luck.

53:18 Speaker 6 What's the plan for the week after Pesach?

53:20 Speaker 1 Excellent, excellent-

53:21 Speaker 5 Oh, that's exactly what I was gonna ask

53:22 Speaker 1 ... Roman. I don't know what your... Is it Roman, your Yiddish name?

53:26 Speaker 6 Yitzchak.

53:27 Speaker 1 Yitzchak. Right. It's on my notes here, actually. Next Friday, um, I apologize, I won't be doing it this year because, um, I think, I think a lot of you will also be a little bit busy next Friday. What I do want to do is Friday of, Friday of Chol HaMoed. So next year will be Friday, Chol HaMoed, the twentieth of Nisan, second of April, between one and two. But I am asking-- Taka, thank you for reminding me. I'm asking for preferences. What should we do after Pesach? Should we do like we did last, um, summer between one and two? I understand a lot of people, that's not gonna work for them, and I wouldn't want to disenfranchise a lot of our listeners. Um, perhaps between, um, four and five. Perhaps between, you know, something like that. Some... You know, I, I'd like to hear some, some feedback. What, what would be, um, your convenient choice, uh, your preference of when to, uh, have the Shir in the, uh, after Pesach. But meanwhile, the next one is, is gonna be, um-

54:36 Speaker 7 For me, any of the times are good.

54:38 Speaker 1 Oh, thank you.

54:39 Speaker 8 Would it, would it not be possible to have a Shir, um, one-off Motzaei first day's Yontif to take the place of the one you would have had on F- on the Friday Erev, Erev Yontif?

54:53 Speaker 1 All right. I-i-if something c- if I manage to galvanize something, perhaps.

54:58 Speaker 8 Okay.

54:59 Speaker 1 Meanwhile, I'm just gonna... Meanwhile, I still have to make Pesach myself, you know.

55:02 Speaker 8 Yeah. No, I'm saying Motzaei, Motzaei, Motzaei Yontif.

55:05 Speaker 1 Yeah, I know. But to make this year, I have to have time to make it.

55:08 Speaker 8 Ah, okay. Fair enough.

55:09 Speaker 1 It has, it has to get baked in, in that-

55:11 Speaker 8 And then one day Chol HaMoed to replace the one, um-

55:14 Speaker 1 So all right. So I'm saying for Friday of Chol HaMoed, Sol.

55:17 Speaker 8 Yeah. That, that's for the Mo- that's instead of the Motzaei Shabbos.

55:20 Speaker 1 Oh, all right. Yeah.

55:21 Speaker 7 Have I, have I been missing a Friday Shir?

55:24 Speaker 1 Not yet. No.

55:26 Speaker 7 Ah, it sounds like the-

55:27 Speaker 1 Not for the last six months.

55:28 Speaker 7 Okay, fine.

55:29 Speaker 1 All right. Good.

55:31 Speaker 7 Thank you very much. Good luck.

55:31 Speaker 8 I, I, I just, I would, I would urge anybody who didn't listen to your Shir for-- to the ladies on Monday to, to listen to the recording 'cause it's got some very important points in it.

55:41 Speaker 1 If anyone wants, I can send them the link.

55:43 Speaker 8 Yeah.

55:45 Speaker 6 Um, Dan Ruskin-

55:45 Speaker 7 Thank you, Yitzchak. Kosher felahe Pesach.