פנורמה של הלכה 20

00:07 Speaker 1 and, uh, welcome to the shiur. I'm gonna share with you-- First of all, I like to share something which is a little bit of a house. Like a . Before this, this is, uh, I wanna just... We have lots of people asking about Erev Pesach Sheni BeShavuot. So tomo- on Monday night, there'll be a shiur. It doesn't say on the n-uh, notice, but it's a shiur for N she Chabad, uh, on the, uh, . So that will be a whole shiur devoted to that topic. And anyone is welcome to, uh, to join. You have there the-- It's, it's not the regular. It's not on my, uh, Zoom number. You can see it's a different number. The number will come up again at the end of the shiur and the, the post will come up again. Okay. So we've discussed some time ago... We discussed some time ago about if you are davening in a minyan and they say Aleinu ahead of you, should you, uh, say Aleinu with them and a second time? And at the time, I shared with you a letter of the Rebbe, which was published nine years ago in Tafshinin Base. And this is-- was-- the Rebbe's answer is, you should say at the end of davening, if as it says in Zohar Izar. And also, you should just say it together with the tzibbur. And both times you should say the whole Aleinu. Now, it-- when it was published in the back of a , they, they fortunately had a

01:49 Speaker 1 copy of the question. So I'm gonna read the question. The . He says, "In the weekdays, I daven in a shul where they daven Ashkenaz because there's no Chassidus minyan in his place." And he himself does Nusach Ari. "But I'm not sure what to do about, about Aleinu because according to what's wrote in Achronim, one should say it with tzibbur. And therefore, should I say it before Shiras Shlomoh, as in Nusach Ashkenaz, or at the end of davening or both times? After davening because it's end of davening, and also before Shiras Shlomoh to say it with a minyan." Now, this is the part which, which puzzled me. In the Aish Hatorah of the Buchach Rov, he says you are t-should be mafsik for Aleinu even in the middle of Sukkos Zimrah. But im kein-- But only until ain, ain oit. Um, ain oit. Im kein, hashail hi gam kan. If you're meant to be s-interrupting in the middle of Al-in middle of Sukkos Zimrah to say Aleinu, for sure you should be meant to have interrupting, um, before Shiras Shlomoh Aleinu. But then he's asking, "According to that, should I say, ad ei foi le'omri be'pamor dish?" So when-- So he says something from the Buchach Rov saying only half Aleinu, the first part of Aleinu. So when I'm going to interrupt to say Shiras Shlomoh, uh, say Aleinu with the Ashkenaz minyan before Shiras Shlomoh, should I say the whole Aleinu or the half Aleinu? What bothered me all this time was I couldn't

03:36 Speaker 1 find this word of the Buchach Rov because the dinim of Aleinu belong in around Siman kuf lamed alef, kuf lamed beis, somewhere around there. And it-- there, there's no comment there. Now, this week, Rebbe Meyer Zerkin, zal angim, of Western Florida, he sent me this piece where the Buchach Rov speaks about this. And I want to describe a little bit who the Buchach Rov is. The Buchach Rov is a M-- he was originally not a Chassid, and he was nisgav by the Berditchever. The whole story in the ba-- the, the Buchach Rov was a phenomenal goon. The evidence, ay, that is that he's got his notes are printed in the Aruch HaShalim in the back of the Shulchan Aruch. You've got pages and pages of Aish Hatorah. In Even HaEzer, you've got Eizeh Mikoidesh. That note at the bottom of the Shulchan Aruch in Even HaEzer. Those are notes from the Buchach Rov. Then in, in, in, in, uh, in, in Yerida, you've got Da'as Kedoshim. You've da-Da'as Kedoshim on hilchas schita and treifas, and you've got Da'as Kedoshim in hilchas stam on, um, uh, uh, sefer Torah, tefillin, mezuzahs. That's-- these are very well-known sforim. He has other sforim. He was a, a, a gevaldiger goon. And when he became a Chassid, he started davening bareichis. Now, he would daven for many hours. Now, I saw, and I couldn't find this now. But I remember reading that he was the Rov in Buchach, um, greste meir eroia. And he had a, a, a system.

05:27 Speaker 1 When people would come even mid-- while he's in the middle of davening, he would c-- he would answer shailas while he's in the middle of davening. Well, he wouldn't be mafsik. He had a system with his gaboim to show whether it's h-kosher, treif, wh-wh-whe-he had a way, a code how he would answer shailas even as he was in the middle of davening. As you say, he was davening, uh, bareichis. So, uh, uh, he was available even during davening, which I found phenomenal. But I say, I can't find the source for that now. But that might, uh, explain a little bit more. He was-- His, his style is very humble. And he would write down- Every day he was-- somewhere I saw he would write down like eighteen pieces of Chiddushim every day. And very often he says, "I was this, and I had a thou-a thought. This fell to my mind. That came to my mind." Like his-- he, he writes his own, um, s-his doubts, et cetera. So now let's read the piece over here. "Ben Yishtabach l'yozer olam sh'maim hatzibur." This is in siman. This is in siman nun dalet. So it's talking about Psukim de Zimra. Between Yishtabach and Yozer, you're allowed to be mafsik l'tzorech mitzvah. Now, no recommendation here. The Alter Rebbe also brings it about being mafsik l'tzorech mitzvah after Yishtabach, before Yozer. "V'rashoy l'vorich oz b'irchas milo rishono ushniyo." You can make the brochos by a bris. Tzedakah, tzedakah tzorech mitzvah. So what is he referring to? Brocha

06:58 Speaker 1 rishono ushniyo, I'm not sure. I don't know whether he-- I didn't-- When I read, I didn't see that he was a mohel. The Mug-cherov was a mohel, but the Buchachover, I didn't hear that he was a mohel. It looks like he was given the kibud of giving the name. So after the bris, the mohel says the brocha al hamilo. The father says the brocha al hachniso. Then after the bris is done, then the-- whoever's given the honor would say the brocha b'pi hagofen, and then Asher kidishu didi mibet. And so he probably is referring to this. "V'lo migan kino av mazal tov." And so your middle of davening between Yishtabach and Yozer, you can-- if you are given the honor of, of, uh, leading the, the brochos to, to give the naming, so you can do that also. It's also tzorech mitzvah. You can also say to the father, "Mazal tov." "V'aleinu achat bris veseder to say aleinu. V'aleinu im hatzibur yesh limor al kol ponim ad emes malkenu." So at least till emes malkenu. So the, uh, "V'ulai gan kol hanog loima b'milo zehakisei chulo v'shem she nichnas chulo yachel loima." Perhaps all the sayings which the people present at the bris join in, you can say between Yishtabach and Yozer. "U'mikol makoim," and this is, uh, typical of his style, "yesh limor de dai b'hidur u'v'kach." Perhaps you could just be yozer to have it in thought and even mazal tov. "Ki im de ei meneh brocha b'machshavte." Since in your mind you

08:23 Speaker 1 want to give the person a brocha. "Yechel lemizbei she'omer b'lachash." So the person will think you said, um, um, um, mazal tov quietly. "Ve'eini kashoy lamei shevni hakavod tzorich l'hashmir lachaveire." And therefore, it's not so imperative they have to say a loud mazal tov. "U'bemidas chasidus dai b'machshava yechatem." So he's grappling whether to say, uh, mazal tov to the father or the, um, the avi or ben by the bris, Ben Yishtabach l'yozer. So I-- my, my understanding of the situation is that the-- As I said, he was a ma'arich mitfilla, and he would-- When there was a bris, so he was a, you know, a rabbi in the shul of the community. So he was there, and he would perhaps work it out that he would be pausing between Yishtabach and Yozer to be able to participate in the bris. And if he's given the brochos, he'll say the brochos. And he's questioning about to say mazal tov. Then he says, "Aleinu daf mezogen." You should say aleinu, but not the whole aleinu, only till, till, what was it? What did he say? Um, until, um... Where was it again? Oh, till emes malkenu. That seems to be what's going on here. What's his topic? Why do we say aleinu, uh, by a bris? The past is-- the origin was that they would have the bris in shul by Shacharis. And after aleinu, after, after-- Before aleinu, they would do the bris, and then aleinu was the last piece. But the point it became in

09:49 Speaker 1 many communities, it's not clear what's the Chabad minhag. But it came-- The Alter Rebbe doesn't bring it in the siddur. But it became many communities, the Seder to say aleinu after a bris, even if the bris is not during davening. And the idea, one of the things is that the aleinu is a statement. A Yid is going out of shul, out into the street, and he's saying, "Sh'lo osanu k'goyim arotzis." It's a declaration, "I'm not like goy arotzis. I'm different. I'm not a-- I'm a Yid, not a goy." The br-- By the baby, by the bris, he came in in a oral, and he goes out as a, a... In, in Russia, they used to call it gidisht. He had the bris as a gidisht. So he's be-become a Yid. So they would say ale-aleinu is, is-- Now you welcome him into the, into the b'nei bris. Some say that the reason for saying aleinu has got to do with the zakon olam b'malchus shi in dalet yud. The inion of, of the bris is the inion of tikkun. The, the baby wasn't born with this, the zakon olam. That's in the second paragraph. It looks like the Buchachover, uh, Rov was of the opinion that the aleinu, the ikk is the first part of aleinu. And that's why he was saying, "It's Ben Yishtabach l'yozer. You're allowed to be mafsik l'tzorech mitzvah." All right. So until e-emes malkenu. What was his words again? Till, till, uh, uh, until, until emes malkenu or-- So that's,

11:12 Speaker 1 that's okay. Afterwards, there's actually tzorech mitzvah. So he wa-he wasn't. So what I'm seeing here is that the person who wrote to the Rebbe obviously didn't have the Buchachover Rov's n-name, um, quote in front of him because, uh, he doesn't give a, a exact reference. So he's saying from memory, and he, and he's writing the Buchachover Rov says you can be mafsik b'mitzvah psukim de-zimra, was also a, a, um, um, confusion. He was saying, "Ben Yishtabach l'yozer." So this seems to be the source of, of, uh, of this Buchachover, which is being quoted in this letter of the Rebbe or the Rebbe's responding to. A kol ponim, now we are-- now I've, I've kind of-- have, uh, managed to u-uh, understand this mystery. Why should you only say the first part of aleinu? The question was about by a bris. By a bris, actually, the first part is relevant to aleinu. But when coming back to the Rebbe's immediate question- If you're davening in Ashkenaz minyan and, uh, they are ahead-- and they are saying Aleinu. So the Rebbe says, "But you base upon them your mechule. By answer saying Aleinu with the minyan, there's no reason to hesitate about the saying, um, you know, w-w-your middle Shira Yomo before Shira Yomo." See, the Rebbe says you should say the whole thing. Okay. Let now, let's now, um, look at the chats. Just I wanted to share with you this, uh, I was excited to find this, this solution to this, uh, mystery and, uh,

12:36 Speaker 1 a little bit of history of who this Bachocherov was. Uh, he was-- He's, he had a Talmud called Rebbe Meir'al HaPremishlan. And, uh, he said there, "Rebbe Meir'al, if I Ruha Kodesh, he's a simple fellow." Very, very beautiful to read about him. Okay. Um, someone on the chat is asking, can you say to Tehillim at that point, if you're waiting for the chazan to say Yishtabach. I've seen people say Tehillim at that point. Never seen that in the Bavich. Although we say Shir HaMa'alot at this point. You're right. I says, we say, I says, Metshuva. We say, um, Shir HaMa'alot miman machim at that point. And to include other things is, uh, I can see the basis for it. It's a Tzolech Mitzvah. It's a Tzad Heter, but I would hesitate to say a Solemais. Someone else is writing here, he davens in a minyan factory. Gevaldik. Um, and do I have to interrupt learning in between to join every Aleinu that takes place? Cr- v-very good question. When I was a bocher, I asked Reb Zalman Schimin in seven seventy. Seven seventy is minyan the whole time. And he gave me a little bit of the freedom of the lotion of Ingemore and Megillah, anan didit dan vid inhu vidid hu. That you can continue doing your thing, and you can ignore what's going on. I still, I would say this with a certain reservation. Your-- If, if it's glaring that there's a minyan saying Kidushan is very loud, etc., you're nearby, it's glaring

14:08 Speaker 1 that you are ignoring what's going on, I think that's inappropriate. If you're at the other end of the Beis Midrash, and it's, you know, it could, it could be seen, it can, it can be mamash course that you didn't hear, you're not really involved. I think there's a difference. Whether it's, whether it's very boilot, then I think it would be, uh, inappropriate to, uh, to, to ignore it. If it can be seen that, um, uh, that you, that you didn't notice, you do it-- you do your own thing. Let's move on to the next question here on the que-ques-- on the chat here. Levi Mondschein. So the Rebbe in his thing, the Rebbe doesn't say where. He just says, says the whole thing. But the other person had asked till ein oyd, which is also as a Midden. Yeah, I think, upon, I just see that there was a, a certain... The person who quoted was quoting from memory and didn't have it mamash accurate. Let's move on to the next question. So this is a question I got from a Shliach. He's actually in Brazil. Um, but, uh, he asks a question. He, he goes on Mivtzat Tefillin. And one of the, one of the opportunities to find yidden, unfortunately, we know that there's this word. I don't know who is the one who said it, that it's the Masim who bring-- who keep the shuls alive. Uh, when people come to say Kaddish in the shuls. Unfortunately, this is one time where people

15:34 Speaker 1 who are totally unaffiliated will still come to a Jewish thing, and that is to a levaya of a relative, etc. And so you want to have yidden to put on Tefillin. On the other hand, you're not allowed to put on Tefillin in a cemetery. And he asked for some guidance about this, whether you can put a, the Tefillin in a side room. So let's read here. There's a din in Shulchan Aruch. Um, the term used here, as you can see, the last line, the term lo yeg lerosh means to scoff at the pauper. The person who is already passed on from this world is unable to do mitzvahs. So he's a rosh. He's called a pauper. And it's wrong for us to scoff at the pauper to say, "Oh, I can do mitzvahs. You can't do mitzvahs." That's the basis I'm going to read now, the Shulchan Aruch. You shouldn't walk in a cemetery. or within four cubits of a, uh, a corpse or Tefillin beraysha wearing Tefillin on your head because of lo yeg lerosh. If it's covered, it's mutar. So reading-- It's important to read this quote because you see here there's two things. Betoch arba amos and the first thing, beis hakvoros. So the first quote, beis hakvoros, means that even it's not within arba amos. The isur of putting, wearing Tefillin in the presence of a, of a meis in a beis hakvoros encompasses the entire beis hakvoros. The whole beis hakvoros, the whole cemetery would be included in this isur

17:03 Speaker 1 of, uh, of lo yeg lerosh. However, if there is a mechitza, then that would be okay. And therefore, if you have, first of all, in many cemeteries, I can say what we have here in London, that you have a, an area like where the parking, w-where, where people park their cars, that's quite separated. And then afterwards, there's a fence. So the pa-car park area, uh, and where there's a fence between there and the graves, y-that would be okay. For that matter, many cemeteries do have some kind of, uh, shtiebel, uh, chapel, whatever you want to call it, where they do, um, the, uh, Kel Maleh Rachamim, et cetera. So that, again, it's, it's not in view of the kvorim. It's in-- The fact there's a window open is irrelevant. There's a mechitza in between. And so if there's a mechitza in between, that would be okay. Okay, let's go on to the next one. And here I had a, a very interesting experience. Someone actually sent me a kasha on this piece of the shiur, uh, on Friday because I read-- send out the notes on, on, on Thursday night. So on Friday morning, I got a kasha on the shiur, which I haven't said yet. But we'll do what we can. Okay. The sh- the question was, what about wearing a gartel? People wear a gartel. Uh, there's no, there's-- it's not a mitzvah to wear a gartel. It's a, it's an haga toiva. And one, one wears a gartel. If you're going over

18:22 Speaker 1 to a cave, you wear a gartel. So now what happened was the following. A young fellow, a baal teshuva, a recent baal teshuva, lives in Northwest London, which is... and is within the, the Eruv as... I'm not saying we rely on the Eruv, but there is an Eruv there. And his parents are out. A neighbor, a goyish neighbor knocks on the door and he asks: "Can you help me? My car, my battery is flat. Could you, uh, do you have a jumpstart, um, clips?" Or whatever it may be. Or perhaps one of those, uh, you have these now. You have a, a portable with a, with a battery kind of which, which will start the car. So he's asking the Yiddish boy, this baal teshuva. He's allowed, "Can I borrow from you the thing?" And so he felt a bit uncomfortable. The boy f- because he, it's his parents' home and it's a neighbor, and you want to give the dachas shalom with neighbors. And if his parents had been home, who are not Shomer Shabbos, they for sure would have lent the equipment to this goyish neighbor. And so he felt-- So he-- And then the fellow wasn't so sure how to do it, so he was showing him how to do it. And so after Shabbos, he's asking whether, uh, he was right or wrong in what he was doing. So we're talking here Halacha Ha'ma'aseh, but it's, it's a little midah mitzorah. So let's look at what the, what all the issues

19:47 Speaker 1 are. There's two issues. One is about lending a goy something who's gonna walk out of your house. And let's say if a goy comes to your house and wants to borrow a chair. It'd be the same question. That's, that's one question. The second thing is, the goy is borrowing from you something which is, he's going to do melacha with it. So here we have two sources. And my apologies in the notes, it should be not Resh Mem He, it's Resh Mem Vav. So here we have in Siman Resh Mem Vav, a discussion about giving a goy something, and he's going to walk out even if it's moments before Shabbos. Never mind on Shabbos. Even just before Shabbos. A goy borrowed from you something, and he wants to walk out of your house with it on Shabbos. So there's a Ma'aseh and people will say, "Ah, you're selling stuff on Shabbos." So, and even close before Shabbos, there's also a question. So I'm going to now read inside. If the goy is just borrowing something, one would be allowed to let-- he want to borrow a chair, for example. Especially if there's an Eruv. I think it's talking when there is an Eruv, which is, that is the case here. If it wants to borrow something. But now there's a difference between borrowing and... which we'll see in a moment, a long-term kind of loan, which we'll probably use the term Halva. But if you sold something to a goy, even if you sold it before

21:19 Speaker 1 Shabbos. Or if it's a long-term loan. Or if you gave the goy something for a, a, a pawn. Or you gave him something to do melacha with it. Then it's imperative that the goy leaves your house before Shabbos. So if he's coming to borrow something, like borrow a chair, that's okay. But if he's taking something which is actually that he bought it from you, he can't walk out with a bought item from your house on Shabbos. Because the onlooker will find out through the grapevine that this was a sale. Or it was a, a long-term thing. It was a pawn. Or it was given to the goy to do work with it. Because that is the truth. So if it's actually something which is forbidden to do on Shabbos, even though you agreed with the goy before Shabbos. But the onlooker won't know. He'll think that the sale was, it, it carried out on Shabbos. But if let's say they're borrowing a chair. He'll find out, yeah, he borrowed the chair. You're allowed to lend a chair to a, to a neighbor on Shabbos. So to a goy, that's fine. So here we have a difference between, um, a sha'elo and a... So on this level, if a goy comes to you on Shabbos and there's an Eruv, and he wants to borrow a chair, there's no problem to lend him a, lend, lend him a chair. The question here is, you're lending him something to do melacha. And that now brings us into the

23:26 Speaker 1 second, second quote, which is from now from Siman Shin Zayin. Where it says... Shin Zayin is one of the few places, one of the several places where the dinim of amira l'nochri are discussed. They are scattered in different places. Um, there's actually a Sefer published by Rabbi Levin Zal zang gezunt. Published about four or five years ago. All about amira l'nochri, where he collated all the material from all different places and put them into one Sefer. At any rate, so the din of To ask a goy, to tell a goy to do something is only if he's doing it for me. You're allowed to tell a goy to do something for himself, melacha for himself or for another goy. Even if he, you also will benefit from it. So for example, in the villages of old, a fire started in a, in the property of a goy. You've got a fire in your property, put out your fire. The Kav HaNer says your intention is also a bit self, uh, motivated. You don't want the fire to hop from his place to your place. That's okay. So you're allowed to tell a goy to do melacha for him, for himself. Even if the goy is doing melacha, he's taking your spade and digging his garden. You don't have to... If you see him d-doing melacha with your, with your tools, you are allowed to ignore it. You mustn't give the goy a piece of equipment and say, "Here, take this and do melacha." Even if

25:23 Speaker 1 you, after giving it, giving to him. So for example, you give him a piece of meat. Tell him, "Take this piece of meat. Cook for yourself lunch." You give him a piece of meat. Cook yourself, yourself lunch. Even if it's not your responsibility, not your, uh, you know, live-in, whatever. It's an independent goy. To give him. I don't get anything. He'll cook lunch. Um, he's taking my meat, and I've given him a piece of meat, and I'm gonna be have one piece of meat less. Still, you mustn't, you mustn't give him the tools to do melacha. So when you're giving him a piece of meat, or you're giving him... You say, "Take this spade and, and do your gardening," or whatever. So then it looks like he's your shliach, even though the intention is the, the goy is doing it for himself. So this is where we ha- come back to this jumpstart equipment. Uh, my, my-- I'm, I'm still inclined that, that i-in, in this instance where he's clearly going to jumpstart his own car, I'm more inclined to say that there's no Maris Ayin that he's doing it anything for you. If you give him something, a piece of meat, and it may be for you, may be for, for him, it may-may be that he w-working for you. I don't know. Um, my, my, my, um, my inclination is to say that, that here it's different. Uh, it's, it is clearly, uh, it's... Any, any onlooker will see that this is, you

27:06 Speaker 1 know, that the goy is doing it for himself. But okay, this is where the person who challenged me on Friday, he sent me a piece of the Kaf HaChaim on Siman Shin, uh, Sin Reish Mem Vav. And he says like this. Talking about lending a goy a piece of furniture, we said that's okay. But if, uh, the goy is, is like a, a plowshare, then that would, that wouldn't be, uh, when he talks about it. The impression. The Taz says that you shouldn't give him a plowshare which is gonna go out, out of the tzom. But what about a, a tool to do work within the tzom? Seems to be okay. But then he says, but from the Taz's Mashma know that you cannot lend tools, uh, um, which they will do melacha with them. You can only lend things which are not melacha stuff, like a shirt and like a tallis. So the, uh, the, uh, Kaf HaChaim is saying that to give a goy a tool with which he will do melacha would not be allowed, and that comes back to what we said. It looks like you are appointing him as a shliach. You're telling him to do something, and it may be seen by someone, uh, the onlooker, as doing it for you. I still say, um, in any case, as we're talking about here, the story's happened already. Um, I'm, I'm inclined to say that again, here it's not evident. Forget. Anyone who sees a goy borrowing a jumpstart from

28:41 Speaker 1 you sees that they're doing it clearly for themselves, not for you. But Okay, um, let's go on to another question. Rab Zalman is asking, Kelim are not Chayav Bishvuah. So clearly it's Maklek of Shabbos BeHilul, and we pass in there's no Din of Shvuas Kelim, um, like BeHilul. Okay. Now, someone asked me this question the beginning of the week about bathing on, on Yom Tov. We're gonna have here a Shabbos and two days Yom Tov. And, uh, I feel a little bit uncomfortable about, uh, 'cause the men go to mikveh, and therefore they have already, uh, stickle relief. People don't use mikvehs, so then it means three days withou-without bathing at all can be very, very uncomfortable. So what's the issue here? So here, what's the issue about Yom Tov of, of bathing on Yom Tov? So first of all, I want to, um, clarify this. In, in our hou-houses, we've got boilers. There's two forms of boiler. There's one which is, what's, uh, got a, a hot water tank. And as you take out water from the hot water tap, then cold water fills in, pours in the equivalent amount into the hot water tank. And then the temperature, the th-thermostat will sense, and then it'll switch on later. That is, has got a certain flexibility for use on Yom Tov. There's another type which, I don't know if it's cheaper to run, but that's the one which I have when I moved into the house. Uh, we don't have a hot water tank.

30:13 Speaker 1 We have what's called a combi boiler. And as you open the tap, the fl-flames go on, like the old Ascots we think. We used to call them geezers also a long time ago. And that provides heating, it provides hot water. That for sure, there's no way you can use on Yom Tov. You turn it on, the fires go on. You turn it off, the fires go off. Plus, you are activating a pump. There's no way you can use the hot water from such a system on Yom Tov. Well, so now let's have a dig. We've spoken about the boilers. Let's just take a look about bathing. So now we have here from the Alter Rebe in Shulchan Aruch here in Siman Hichos Yom Tov. The 일부터 חוטא, um, this, this thing. I don't know how to get this out of the way. Um, 일부터 חוטא, הבהר לצורך אכילה. Like you're allowed to make a fire for cooking and making food. 일부터 אפילו שלולא לצורך אכילה, מלבד שיהא בצורך יום טוב. So you are allowed to make a fire for not That's written, written in Shmiras Shabbos Kehilchosa. Let's say in Eretz Yisrael, three days of, you know, sh-sh-shuas. No, they don't have three days. Two days, yeah. But i-i-if you have and you're really very uncomfortable, so that would be okay with cold water. Okay. Someone again. Let's move on. Um, I heard once something about showering with a kitchen utensil. Okay. I don't know about that. Um, a little water in a bath and

37:38 Speaker 1 just sit in this. So, yeah, if it's, if it's not the whole body, just a part of the body, and to put a bit of col- um, warm water, let's say, from either from the urn or from if you have a hot water tank and put it in a bowl and, and, uh, relieve the discomfort, that would be okay on Yom Tov. Yeah, today things have changed, but, uh, we need to have a Sanhedrin kind of to undo the Isurim, which was... Okay. Someone is saying, um, Shavit Levi says that smoking is Mazik, therefore also on Yom Tov. Okay. Yeah. Um, let's not make it, um, you know, widen the battlefront against smoking. Baruch Hashem, it's become quite unpopular. But you have this settle from the Friediker Rebbe that those who smoke on Yom Tov, on Rosh Hashana should not smoke at Kol Bonim BeRabim. So you see already then it was sensitive that there is a Hashash of smoking on Yom Tov, and at least Rosh Hashana, one should be more Mahader. So yeah, Baruch Hashem, things have, have improved in this respect, and people are, uh, are, uh... But for the people who are addicted to smoking, to tell them they mustn't smoke on Yom Tov, it's a, it's a difficult one. Yeah. Baruch Hashem, I don't have a personal problem. Um, taking medicine on Yom Tov permitted. If not doing so. Of course, if you-- Very important. If you are, uh, dependent on medicine, you should, uh, don't stop medicines without asking

39:04 Speaker 1 a Shaila. And, uh, if it's a kind of medicine which you can skip, skip for a day, then you don't take it on Yom Tov Rishon. Just take it on Yom Tov Sheni. Right. All right. Uh, we'll, we'll move on. Um, when we talk about hot water here, someone's asking about Yad Soledes. When you have a shower, it's never Yad Soledes, boy. You would be jumping out of the shower. It never Yad Soledes, boy. It's, it's-- And when, when we're talking about warm, warm water, we mean warm that you enjoy the warmth. And so it could be, um... So it doesn't have to-- We're not talking Dafka about very hot. Even warm would also be included in the Isur Me'achatzos. Let's move on. Um, let's move on. Yom Tov. Now, someone-- I'm running about out of time, so let's a little bit faster. Um, someone asked me a question that they trim their nails and very particular about burning the nails, as we know, Sefer Chassid. And, but they don't have a facility to make a fire right away, so they are putting the nails later away, and they burn them once in a few weeks. And so I, uh, my, my response was, and that, that actually I, I feel-- I, I remember reading that the Rebbe was Mekel to, to just flush the nails and not, not burn them, although it says so for Chassid. I don't have the Sefer. There's a Sefer called Bakodesh Penima. I think I read it over there.

40:37 Speaker 1 But what I'm saying is, the reason why we burn the nails is so that they shouldn't be left lying around, so they Yishah Ubra should get in- could get into danger. So now, if you're going to save your nails for another few weeks until, until you have the opportunity, it seems to be... I, I know it's not in the place where it was dropped, it's somewhere else, but there seems to be a, a, an in-interest to get rid of them as soon as you can. And therefore, to say, "I'm going to save my nails in order to burn them rather than flush them," I think is, is, you know, is, is, um, not really the right decision. And especially, as I'm telling you, I, I, I heard that the Rebbe was, was Mekel in this, even though we have the Sefer Chassid and it's brought in, in the Sichas, Sefer Chassid. But, uh, yeah. Let's move on. Um, I'm running out of time, so I'm trying to a little bit faster. Placing Chametz in a communal bin. So here you have the Maramokim is in mem hei. Someone's unmuted. Yeah. So the communal bin is not... Let's say you live in a block of flats. So to put your Chametz, let's say your collection day is gonna be on Wednesday. Thursday. After the collection, to put your Chametz in the communal bin in the block of flats, that's not good enough because, uh, to put a Hefker, it has to be a Hefker Lekoil, that

41:58 Speaker 1 anyone could come there and no one will tell them what you, what you're snooping around here for. If it's in a communal bin within a block of flats, it's not Hefker Lakoil, and therefore that wouldn't be enough. You'd have to put-- You wanna make it Hefker, it'd have to be put out in a place where there's no privacy at all. So it can be someone in the, in the street or someone like that. Let's move on. Um, all right. My Eynikel last week was complaining I didn't have enough pictures. So here, this is for the Eynikel. Here's a picture. Um, someone asked me about, I hope I'm pronouncing it right, suet cake. And what that is, I'm, I'm learning new things. There's a kind of, uh, this is to put together for feeding, if you like birds to come to your garden. So you have a kind of, um, um, mass where it's made with seeds and with, um, with fat. That's why, why it's called suet. Uh, seeds, and sometimes it's made with grain. And can I have one in my garden over Pesach? So again, even though you put it out in your garden, it's not Hefker Lakoil. Even if it's in your front garden, certainly your back garden, it's not Hefker Lakoil. Even if you put it out for the Hefker birds, but it's still, it's still in private property and, uh, and therefore that's not good enough. And therefore, um, you wouldn't be allowed to... If it's got grain, and I

43:15 Speaker 1 look, a lot of them do have grain in those suet cakes, so you wouldn't be allowed to have them, uh, in your garden. You have to put them away in the Fakeif de Chametz. Someone, uh, someone asked me about leaving out, uh, mi-mi-mouse, uh, poison. Uh, Hamachmas in English is called the Last Supper. Um, so, um, to put out, um, and before, and it's usually it's made with grain. That is okay. It's, it's, it's impossible to say you are allowed to leave it out on Pesach because, uh, uh, it's, uh, it's not a, a mechal which they would survive with. Yeah. So it's okay to leave it in place. Let's move on. Um, someone was asking about they've got pet chickens, what should they do? And, and their chickens feed on grain. So what should we do for Pesach? So in, in the Shtaris, I, I, I... They do include selling animals which feed on chametz. And so the simplest solution would be you have a neighbor, and you're giving the neighbor the chickens and y- and the feed and, and the, the whole thing, it belongs to the goy over Pesach. Someone asked me about an aquarium. Perhaps I mentioned it before, and I had said that you should, um, buy one of those capsules or whatever they're called, tablets, for people go on holiday and leaves them to, to feed on it for the two weeks and sell the whole aquarium with the, uh, with the tablet in it. Now, I see now,

44:44 Speaker 1 though, my apologies, I now see that the, the, uh, Nittei Gavriel and others also I saw are not so keen. They say the dog in the aquarium, you shouldn't give them chametz even if you sold it for a goy, to a goy. Even if it has an automatic dispenser, you should put the, you'll see more boy mechalem. You should feed them stuff which is not chametz. So the problem is you have it in your house, you got this aquarium and it's got chametz stuff. They... I, I don't know. I mean, I haven't checked whether the, this, these tablets are actually chametz, but there is a certain... I'm seeing here, let's say, or same thing, you had a, a birdcage and you wanna sell the, sell the bird, the budgie with the, with the chametz to a goy, and it's going to be in your house chirping away and feeding on chametz. That wouldn't be so, so okay. And, um, so feed them over, over Pesach. Feed them, um, feed them co-kosher, you know, kosher or Pesach stuff. And I mentioned, I think last week, you can feed them kitnios. As long as they're not Ashkenazim by, uh, tradition, your budgie is allowed to eat, um, is allowed to eat kitnios on Pesach. Especially if it's a kitten also, you can give them kitnios. Okay. Um, someone is asking here. I mean, let's go back to the, to the note, to the things. Um, the bins belong to the city is hefkel hakeil. That's not a

45:59 Speaker 1 problem. You can... Any-anyone can go there. You can st- And if someone goes there, you won't, you have no business to tell them not to krich there. So then it's hefkel hakeil. That would be okay. Um, do you have to check the garden for any bits that have fallen down? Um, not... You don't have to go around with a magnifying glass or not with a candle. You go look around overall, that's okay. Uh, thank you, Suet. Thank you. And, um, okay, plankton. Okay. Right. You can buy some... I'm told that you can buy freeze-dried, um, food which is not chametz for fish. You mean it's not, it's not chametz, and you feed it, buy it for the fish. Okay, good. And someone else tells me he puts his, an, a fish tank. He gives it to the neighbor for the eight days of Pesach. Baruch Hashem. You know, that's why we have, um, well, Hoyu, Moloch, Oimnayach. We've got Goyim who are, uh, neighbors who are able to help us with these things. Okay, let's move on. Um, someone was asking about, um, can you give matzah to a non-Jew? So the Pashtas, I thought it would be okay. I didn't see any problem. But here you have a Taz in Siman Kuf, S'amach Zayin, and he talks about giving the piece of hamotzi to a Eini Ben Beris. And he g- gives a reference, "Va'ani ro'i," he says from the time of Mitzvah, from Recanati. There's a town in, in Italy called Recanati, a

47:12 Speaker 1 small town, and there was a, um, Mekubal there. Um, and in his Sefer, which is known as Ta'ama Mitzvot Recanati, he says that you should not give matzah of a mitzvah to a She'eini Ben Beris. And he gives Ta'ama organ laws there. Now, this is the Taz. And now on the left side of the column of the, of the, uh, slide, you see here the actual quote from the Ta- Ta'ama Mitzvot, which was published here in London by the la-late Rab Simcha Lieberman, uh, about for- forty, fifty years ago. And it... I'm, I'm looking at it, and it looks like he was talking about the Korban Pesach rather than talking about the matzah. Um, there you can see here, "Ve'also lahakhil mimenu." He's talking here about the Korban Pesach. "Ve'also lahakhil mimenu l'nechor v'toshev v'socheir." Uh, so he doesn't seem to be talking about, um, uh, about the, uh, about the matzah, but the Taz understood he's referring to matzah, so the matzoh shal mitzvah. So again, I'm not so sure whether that applies to all the matzahs which you have, which you supply for the whole of Pesach. Are that a- all called matzahs the mitzvah or is it only the ones which are p- specifically baked for the Seder night? Al kapot ach, in Al Pisoid, that there is seems to be some hesitation about giving matzahs, uh, shal mitzvah to a goy. A similar thing there is am- in, in some seforim of the Shahal HaTorah about inviting a goy to the

48:28 Speaker 1 Sukkah. It is not... He's not so happy about it. And again, uh, many paper, people were, are, are meikel to bring a goy into the sukkah. Okay. Uh, let's move on. Um, changing clocks from GMT to BST. So the... I think the simplest thing would be if you have a clock which you can change, you set it for BST, uh, out of, uh, out of Shabbos. But I mentioned to the people who make these calendars, uh, including our shul calendar, that a lot of us have, um, um, radio-controlled clocks and therefore it should have also, um, in the calendars will have GMT, especially all of these Manim. So I, I think it's, it's... I think it'd be simpler that everything... We try to switch to BST and so therefore at least the two days of Yom Tov is gonna be clear. And, uh, on Shabbos, just have to keep, keep track which, which clock you're keeping according to. Now, someone asked me about using mushrooms on Pesach. Now, Chabad custom, it's not only Chabad, it's the Chassidishe custom not to use food unl-unless they can be peeled. So what about mushrooms? Now, mushrooms, as we all know, and we learned it when we learned Shnas Rochest, that br- mushrooms are Shahakul. They don't actually g-grow from the ground. On the other hand, they are like fungus, which does need to have some kind of, uh, moisture, et cetera. And the... It's very common. You can read... I read this in Rabbi Blumenkranz's guide. It's very

49:51 Speaker 1 common that mushrooms are cultivated on a bed of malt or a bed of grain, and therefore they are mamash, a kind of byproduct of grain, and therefore mushrooms should not be used on Pesach altogether. Um, that's what Rabbi, um, Blumenkranz writes, and, uh, Chayol, it makes, it makes a lot of sense. Let's move on. Someone's asking me about, um, use-using the inner leaves of a head of lettuce. According to the Shmini government of, of peeling, what about the inner leaves of a lettuce? And, um, thank you, Rabbi Menachem Kan-Kanati. Thank you. Uh, what about the inner leaves? So my response to this lady was that actually even a cabbage, which is much more closed than a, than a lettuce, we also don't use cabbage on Pesach for the same reason b-because we can't peel them. If you go out to a field, you'll see the cabbage earlier on is open, and then as it becomes more mature, then it s- it stiffens and it, it closes in, et cetera. A component we're not knowing to use. We know not to use, uh, cabbage. Lettuce, of course, you need to use it for the Seder. Um, so that, there's, you know, we have our priorities. If needed for the Seder, we use lettuce. And, uh, some people, the leftovers for the Seder they'll use during the week. But stam oseh doesn't mean it's a heter for the whole of Pesach because you have it for the Seder. Okay, um, as I said last time, it's not

51:17 Speaker 1 a perfect science, this chumrah stuff. We manage... We do what we have to do, and we'll be all right. Um, someone's asking, does the goy have to make a kinyan on the animal that one's giving them? Yes, they would have to do a kinyan. And how would it be, uh, be a question. Well, if they are, if they are, um, going to be koiner, let's say there's a chicken coop and they are koiner that. So you can do a metal tal nagav car that for the koiner, the chicken coop, then they, then the chickens go as part of the package or they pass of the lot. Right. Someone's suggesting to keep the old clock, the Seder begins earlier. Well, okay, each one to their own. Right. Um, someone's saying that iceberg lettuce are tight from the start. But as I say, even cabbages we, we machmir about that. Now, all right, let's go on. Um, having wine. So last week, I think we discussed about what foods you can have on Erev Pesach. You can have potatoes, you can have-- even though it's on the karpas. You can have eggs, even though it's on the geirah. It's not a problem. It's only the matzah and the moror and the Chabad chumrah is the ingredients of the charoses, which is a mitzvah. But the other stuff on the karpas you can have. So someone, a lot of, a few people ask me, "What about wine?" So let's read this here from Simon Tofain Alut, Nehal Teves

52:30 Speaker 1 Shukanoruch. It talks here about on Erev Pesach not having pas, even matzah shira. Um, from in the last quarter of the day, Shoah Siris. As in, that's an order that your eating matzah should be with a te oven. So having a, a geshmack, having an appetite adds to the Hiddur Mitzvah of eating matzah. And the last quarter of the day is, if it's a long day, a short day, it's irrelevant. It, it makes all the same thing. It's what we call Shoah Simaniot. The last quarter of the day, one should refrain from having any form of pas, which is irrelevant to us because we don't have pat matzah shir in any case. Then in, in the, towards the end of that Sif he says, "Also the last quarter of the day, you're allowed to have dr- liquids, but not wine." He says, "Shelo yishté mémenu ma'at." Don't eat, drink a little bit of wine because a little bit of wine is satiating similar to bread. A lot of wine is going to g- going to entice your appetite. A lot more, uh, loads of wine is going to, um, disrupt your appetite. So, um, so the basic answer is, the last quarter of the day, charoses keep off wine, keep off grape juice also for the last quarter of the day because of, uh, it might have an effect on your appetite. We sh- we generally take the view, and people who use grape juice for kiddush, et cetera. So in this sense, when you

53:52 Speaker 1 want, consider it like wine, it might affect your appetite, so keep off that for the last quarter of the day. Um, Shliach asks a question. The next thing that we have on our list. He's asking about having... There's a Seder night on Motzei Shabbos. And Baruch Hashem, it looks like in a part of the world where they're post-lockdown. So they're having guests, and they're having many guests, and to set up the tables, uh, is take, take time. Can you have goyische staff to set up the tables on Shabbos afternoon so they're able to start the Seder at night? So the source for the problem is in, you see here in Ramoh, in the dinim of, of Shemini Atzeret Simchat Torah. And so the Ramoh says, "Ve also lo hochin le-b'yom tov, l'tzorich leil yom tov." On the first day, on Yom Shemini Atzeret, you're not allowed to prepare the kiddush for Simchat Torah night. "Ve also lo ha'amod ha'shochon v'hassafsolim b'bayit l'tzorich halaylah d'havya chon." You're not allowed to prepare on Yom Rishon for Yom Sheni, and certainly not allowed to prepare from Shabbos for Yom Tov. You're not allowed to prepare from one kedushah for another kedushah. So you wouldn't be allowed to prepare from one to the other. This is all yourself you wouldn't be allowed to. Then, however, if you have a goyische waiter, now I, I tell people who are, are catering for large amount of, you know, large crowds, "Don't do it all yourself. Have, uh, have, have help. Hire

55:15 Speaker 1 help." So you have a goyische worker. So this is from the Sefer Piskei Teshuves. Adarcha yedei nochri. With a, a goyische worker, you're allowed to prepare from one day of Yom Tov to the other. If it's dealing with tircha, things effort, schlepping, as I said, setting the tables, that would be okay. So warm up food, no. Warming up food from... To ask the goy to put up food, to put up a soup or to put up a rice or whatever. No, no, rice is irrelevant on Pesach. Yeah, sorry. Um, but to put up food on, on, yeah, Shabbos afternoon that should be heated up in time for the Seder, that's not okay. But to have them just set the tables and do other kind of prep, which is doesn't involve malacha, just tircha, just c'niyan ha'rachona, asking a goy would be, would be okay. Now, I want to go preface, um, um, well, preface. End, end off with a, a, a, um, bavardich. The Alter Rebbe in, in, in Kunta Sachs says, is only . So therefore, if you have a space for the Seder, which you could set the room, set up the tables before Shabbos, you'd have to do so. It's only this heter of asking a goy to set the tables on Shabbos afternoon to have it ready for the night is only in the fa-- in, in, in the, in, in the circumstances that you don't have, uh, ability to prepare it before Shabbos. Then it's like a bashat hakach, it's

56:37 Speaker 1 like a bedieved. But it's clearly this of... Having a goy doing stuff for you is clearly a bashat hakach and bedieved. And certainly in a, in a, in a family setting, in a smaller setting, you don't do any of this kind of stuff, even if you do have the luxury of having a goyish worker. And you just... It'll take another couple of minutes to set the table. What I would say is, though, one hakana you do out of Pesach, let me encourage you, is sort out those matzahs. That the, um, avoidance habirur between the whole matzahs and the, uh, and the broken matzahs can be done, you know, uh, out of, out of Shabbos. And like this, it will minimize the, uh, the delay in starting the Seder as soon as possible. Finally, we have here... What about having apple juice? Very good question. Uh, is any issue of having apple juice? I think it's not a problem because we're talking about the minhag of not having the ingredients of charoses. Apple juice is a little bit removed from that, and so I think it would be okay to have apple juice on the first day, um, or the second day. I mean, first day, right. Um, someone's asking, um, "Mushrooms, does it make a difference before Pesach or on Pesach?" No difference. If the mushrooms are, are nourished from grain, then they've got, they've got a kind of a, um, a presence of chametz in them, therefore you shouldn't use them. Um, someone's asking,

57:59 Speaker 1 "Is it required to buy full container of the hechsher and paper bichlal?" Um, if you can. You know, we spend so much on Pesach, um, so if it's couple, another couple of buck for a hechsher on, on, on a silver foil. These things, they, they do have, uh, some kind of, uh... When they have the machine which the, with the form to make them, they have to have a some kind of grease. So it would be, uh, if it's no big deal, one should be machmir to buy with a hechsher. Let's go to our last question, I know I'm running out of time. And that is, um, do we have an issue of selling real chametz? Now, the Polish Olam, which, uh, our neighbors, they broadly do not sell chametz mamash. They're only selling, uh, kelim perhaps, or not even kelim, also not because of the tevilas kelim. Um, but, uh, in Chabad we aren't-- we don't hesitate. We have here a quote. This is from the, um, Otzem Halakot Chabad. In his e-- elder years, in his, um... They would sell a cha- a challah in chametz, so you should have something for-- to eat Motzai Sha-- Motzai Yom Tov. They had a challah, which was, you know, eight days old, and, um, but they did. They did sell chametz mamash. And the Tzemach, the, uh, Tzemach Shabbos also had chametz, um, in-included in the sale of chametz. And just to explain, the... There is a view. Why do the... Why do they hesitate?

59:20 Speaker 1 Because there's a view that mechiras chometz is just a hardum, it's just a bit of a sham. It's just a charade of some, of some sort. And therefore, there is that, that, uh, how you say, apprehension to rely on it. For the ei-either shopkeepers, where they're buying after Pesach, so that's the shopkeepers' thing. But for themselves, they allow themselves the hedor, and then they have, uh, you know, buy stuff only which is baked out, baked after Pesach. Fine. E-everyone to their own. But Chabad, uh, are following the Alter Rebbe, and the Alter Rebbe incorporated it in, in a, um, a, uh, an improvement to the mechiras chometz, that it includes the, uh, sup-support of what's called the Ohr HaChaim, the guarantor. And as a result, we see the mechiras chometz as authentic rather than just as a sham. That may be the background. The point is, is that we don't build up stocks of chametz before Pesach. By the time it comes Pesach, we don't have much chametz in the house. But if there is, we don't start throwing it out, don't get frantic about it. And if you do have chametz, we would not hesitate to sell it in the mechira as normal. Um, right. Is there a, is there a shiur next Motzei Shabbos? And the answer is, BeEzrat Hashem, yes. Um, the bigger shailah is what we're going to do, um, once the clock changes. But, um, we'll, we'll deal with that and we'll have to con-consider about Erev, you know, Erev

1:00:40 Speaker 1 Shabbos, um, as we did in the, in the, uh, in the summer. And meanwhile, just to... Again, if you didn't take the number before, this is a shiur. It doesn't say, but this is a shiur for Neshi Chabad, and it's going to be on Monday night, and we'll be able to then go through the, uh, details of Erev Pesach Chal Basabbos. And, um, and we'll go through a schedule, and BeEzrat Hashem, we'll be able to work through it in a mesuda dikhe way. I wish you all meanwhile a guten, a, a gute vok, a guten chodesh, and nisht vergessen the Nosi. And, uh, we're now into Chodesh Hageulah. Which should be zoche to the geulah shleima of Moshiach tziddkeinu bemheira yameinu mamash. Amen. A gute vok. A gute vok.

1:01:26 Speaker 2 A gute vok.

1:01:27 Speaker 1 Amen. A gefilte chodesh. A gute vok, rebbi. A gute vok. A groyse mi yashke choich. A gute vok